Abstract: O⁶-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) is an important DNA repair enzyme. The promoter methylation status of MGMT gene has recently become a biomarker of gliomas. Methylation of the MGMT promoter not only is an important biomarker to evaluate the sensitivity to the chemotherapy with alkylating agents, but also contributes to predicting prognosis and distinguishing between recurrence and pseudoprogression in glioma patients. Especially in the elderly, MGMT promoter methylation status has recently been introduced to be a biomarker for glioma classification and personalized treatment strategies. This review gives a short summary of the function of MGMT and clinical application of MGMT promoter methylation in personalized treatment strategies, prognosis evaluation and differentiation of recurrence and pseudoprogression of glioma.

Key words: Glioma, O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, CpG islands, Methylation, Review

摘要： O⁶-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA 甲基转移酶（MGMT）是一种DNA 修复酶，MGMT 基因启动子CpG 岛甲基化是近年研究较多的胶质瘤相关分子标志，既是评价胶质瘤对烷化剂是否敏感的重要分子标志，也是胶质瘤患者预后评价及复发与假性进展鉴别的重要参考指标。尤其是老年恶性胶质瘤患者，MGMT基因启动子CpG 岛甲基化是指导其分子分型和制定个性化治疗方案的重要参考依据。本文对MGMT 蛋白功能，以及MGMT 基因启动子CpG 岛甲基化在指导胶质瘤治疗、判断预后及鉴别复发与假性进展中的应用进行概述。

关键词: 神经胶质瘤, O（6）-甲基鸟嘌呤DNA 甲基转移酶, CpG 岛, 甲基化, 综述