Abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. It has become clear that PD can have a preclinical phase, a period during which neurodegeneration has already begun years before the onset of typical motor symptoms. Consequently, if the early neurodegeneration in PD can be timely diagnosed, it will significantly slow down the progression of the disease and improve the quality of life. To date, there is no fully reliable and validated biomarker for the early diagnosis of PD, but some promising biomarker candidates exist.

Key words: Parkinson disease, Early diagnosis, Biological markers, Review

摘要： 帕金森病是一种慢性进行性中枢神经系统退行性疾病。早在临床前期尚未出现典型临床症状时，帕金森病患者即已出现神经系统退行性病变。因此，如果能在退行性病变早期及时明确诊断并予以治疗，将会减缓疾病进程，提高患者生活质量。虽然目前尚未发现早期诊断帕金森病的理想标志物，但是已有许多生物学标志物具有研究和应用前景。

关键词: 帕金森病, 早期诊断, 生物学标记, 综述