摘要：

动脉粥样硬化是一种动脉壁慢性炎症性疾病，是缺血性卒中和冠心病的病理生理学基础，是心脑血管疾病的首要诱因。心脏与脑这两个器官均存在高血压、高脂血症、糖尿病等相似的危险因素；且二者共病病情更严重，预后更差。本文通过综述心脑血管疾病的病理生理学机制、危险因素防治策略以及“脑心同治”策略，为心脑血管疾病的预防与管理提供新的思路。

关键词: 脑血管障碍, 心血管疾病, 危险因素, 药物疗法, 神经外科手术, 心血管外科手术, 综述

Abstract:

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, serves as the pathophysiological basis for ischemic stroke and coronary heart disease, and stands as the primary cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity. Both the heart and brain share similar risk factors, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and so on. Furthermore, most patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity experience more severe disease and poorer prognosis. This article comprehensively reviews research progress in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity, their related risk factors, and proposes the strategies of "synchronous treatment for brain and heart" to offer new insights for the prevention and management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular comorbidity.

Key words: Cerebrovascular disorders, Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Drug therapy, Neurosurgical procedures, Cardiovascular surgical procedures, Review