摘要： 目的 探讨脑小血管病和多发性硬化患者血管周围间隙的影像学特点。方法 共纳入 2015年1月至2017年12月诊断与治疗的27例脑小血管病和32例多发性硬化患者，分别对半卵圆中心和基底节区血管周围间隙进行评分，并以两个区域评分之总和作为总评分，比较两种疾病血管周围间隙评分差异。结果 脑小血管病组患者基底节区血管周围间隙评分1（1， 2）分、总评分3（2， 4）分，均高于多发性硬化组的1（1， 1）分和1（1， 2）分（Z=7.960， P=0.012； Z=14.033， P=0.001）；而半卵圆中心血管周围间隙评分组间差异无统计学意义［1（1， 2）分对0（0， 1）分； Z=4.872， P=0.057］。结论 血管周围间隙好发于半卵圆中心和基底节区，脑小血管病患者基底节区血管周围间隙数目较多发性硬化患者更多。

关键词: 大脑小血管疾病, 多发性硬化, 血管周围间隙（非MeSH词）

Abstract: Objective To investigate the imaging features differences of perivascular spaces(PVS) between cerebral small vessel disease(cSVD) and multiple sclerosis(MS). Methods The clinical data of 27 patients diagnosed with cSVD and 32 patients diagnosed with MS were collected retrospectively from January 2015 to December 2017. The grade of PVS in the centrum semiovale and basal ganglia were recorded and the sum of scores in the two regions were calculated in both diseases. Results The score of PVS in the area of basal ganglia and the total score in cSVD group were 1 (1,2) and 3 (2,4),which were both higher than 1 (1,1) and 1 (1,2) score in MS group respectively(Z=7.960, P=0.012; Z=14.033, P= 0.001). The score of PVS in centrum semiovale were similar in cSVD group and MS group[1(1,2)score vs. 0 (0, 1) score; Z =4.872, P =0.057]. Conclusions In the areas of basal ganglia, PVS are more common in cSVD patients than MS patients.

Key words: Cerebra lsmall vessel diseases, Multiple sclerosis, Perivascular spaces(notin MeSH)