Abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after transplantation to diabetic rats reduced blood glucose levels quickly and effectively, reversed the symptoms of high blood sugar in diabetic rats. The mechanism that MSCs treate diabetes may be associated with transdifferentiation, cell fusion,DNA methylation, paracrine mechanism and endogenous pancreatic stem cells.In this paper, we write a review about the current mechanism of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for diabetes

Key words: Mesenchymal stem cell, Islet-like cell, Differentiation mechanism