Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between polymorphism of α-adducin G460T, Angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T genes and essential hypertension (EH) of Han nationality. Methods Mutagenically separated polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) methods were used to detect the polymorphism of α-adducin G460T, AGT M235T genes in 305 EH patients and 305 age-matched, nationality normotensive controls (NT), biochemical index were also detected. Results The G460T polymorphism of α-adducin gene was no significantly association with EH, the genotype frequencies were 24.60%, 52.78% and 22.62% in the patient group and 28.53%, 48.85% and 22.62% in the control group, respectively. G and T allele frequencies were 50.98%, 49.02% in the patient group and 52.95%, 47.05% in the control group; The M235T polymorphism of AGT gene was significantly association with EH, the genotype frequencies were 18.69%, 52.46% and 8.85% in the patient group and 9.51%, 41.64% and 48.85% in the control group (P＜0.01), respectively. M and T allele frequencies were 44.92%, 55.08% in the patient group and 30.33%, 69.67% in the control group(P＜0.01); There were statistical significance of M235T genotype of AGT and G46OT genotype of α-adducin combined genes with EH, Every subset comparing had statistic significance in two groups(P<0.05), except GG genotype of α-adducin; Individuals carrying TT genotype of AGT M235T gene showed 2.35 high risk of EH (OR=2.35, 95%CI=1.69～3.28, P＜0.01). Conclusions The TT genotype of AGT M235T gene may be related with increased risk of EH, and G460T polymorphism of α-adducin gene may have no relation with incidence of EH in Han nationality.