Abstract: Objective To investigate whether the adiponectin gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are associated with the metabolic syndrome. Methods Using polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment-lenngth polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) genotyped SNP-11391、SNP-11377、SNP-4522、SNP+45 and SNP+331 of adiponectin gene, and estimated the association of the five SNPs with metabolic syndrome(MS). Results ⑴Adiponectin gene SNP-11391 and SNP+331 are not polymorphisms in Han population of Kunming City. ⑵In MS group, SNP-11377G－SNP-4522T haplotype frequency is lower than control group (P﹤0.05), SNP-11377C－SNP-4522T and SNP-11377G－SNP-4522C haplotype frequencies are higher than control group (P﹤0.05 and P﹤0.01) ; Conclusions In Han population of Kunming City, SNP-11377G－SNP-4522T haplotype maybe associated with lower risk of MS, and SNP-11377C－SNP-4522T and SNP-11377G－SNP-4522C haplotypes maybe associated with higher risk of MS.