Abstract: Objective: The expression of hematopoietic stem cell and neural markers on placenta adherent cells and their association were investigated, the potential of neural differentiation of placenta adherent cells so as to demonstrate the relationship between placenta adherent cells and hematogenesis and neurogenesis. Methods: Isolated adherent cells in human placenta tissue were stained immunocytochemically with Nestin,MAP2,MBP,CD133,CD34 antibody to detect protein production and induced neural differentiation with β-mercaptoethanol and RA. Results: Isolated placenta adherent cells which were confirmed to be heterogenous expressed CD133, Nestin, MAP2 weakly and CD34 none. While induced cells showed neural like morphology, strong positive for Nestin、MAP2 and weak positive for MBP and GFAP in immunocytochemical staining. Conclusion: Human placenta adherent cells can be induced into neural like cells in vitro which has quality characteristics of MSC,it provides a new source for clinical application of hMSCs．