Abstract: Objective To compare the effects of equivalent dose of sufentanil and fentanyl on wake-up test and recovery profile in scoliosis surgery. Methods Forty ASAⅠ-Ⅱadolescents undergoing scoliosis surgery were randomly divided into fentanyl group (group F，n=20) and sufentanil group(group S,n=20). Anesthesia was maintained with low-flow(1L/min) inhalation of isoflurane and nitrous oxide (O2:N2O=1:1) in both groups. Intermittent i.v. boluses (1～1.5μg/kg) of fentanyl was used for analgesia in group F, and total dosage was no more than 5μg/kg when the wake-up test was started. Continuous infusion of sufentanil (0.1～0.2μg?kg-1?h-1) was maintained in group S, and total dosage was less than 1μg/kg when the wake-up test was started. The wake-up test time, postoperative recovery time, end-tidal isoflurane concentration(ETiso) and other hemodynamic variables during operation were recorded. Results There were no significant differences in the wake-up test time, postoperative recovery time, bucking and/or restlessness during the wake-up test, PCA morphine dosage and PONV between the two groups. Conclusion Properly administration of sufentanil does not prolong the intraoperative wake-up test time so that it can be used safely in scoliosis surgery.