Table of Content

05 September 2012, Volume 32 Issue 9

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Screening of aptamers to HIV-p24

2012, 32(9):  987-991. 

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Abstract: Objective Aptamers to HIV-p24 were screened through SELEX technique for the diagnosis and therapy of AIDS. Methods With recombinant p24 for the screening target, oligonucleotides binding HIV-p24 were screened from a random oligonucleotide library through SELEX technique. The binding capacity between oligonucleotides obtained from the 12th round of screening and HIV-p24 was identified via Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA).The aptamers strongly binding to HIV-p24 were screened and the specificity of aptamers recognizing HIV-p24 was detected by Dot-blot method. Results 5 aptamers with strong binding capacity to HIV-p24 were obtained and are different sequences. The binding speci?city indicated that No.18 and No.26 apatmers only bond with HIV-p24, not with human serum albumin, bovine serum albumin and skimmed milk powder. Conclusion 2 aptamers specially binding to HIV-p24 were obtained, this study provides an experimental basis for the diagnosis and treatment of AIDS by utilizing aptamer of HIV-p24.

Construction of the mitochondrial protein imported vector with EGFP and confirmation

2012, 32(9):  992-997. 

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Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector which could transport foreign protein into the mitochondria. Its expression could be traced by EGFP(enhanced green fluorescent protein). Methods The mitochondrial transit peptide’s sequences were fused with EGFP through multiplex PCR amplification and inserted into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1, constructing the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA5.1-EGFP. Then the p53 gene were inserted into pcDNA5.1-EGFP and pcDNA3.1, constructing pcDNA5.1-p53 and pcDNA3.1-p53 vector. After verification by restriction analysis and sequencing, transfected the plasmids into 293T cells respectively. On one hand, to compare the distribution of EFGP and cytochrome C in the cell under the fluorescence microscopy , and on the other hand to compare the positioning of p53 protein in the cell. Results The distribution of EGFP was consistent with cytochrome C, and the p53 protein expressed by pcDNA5.1-p53 was concentrated in mitochondria in the cytoplasm, while the vector pcDNA3.1-p53 is mainly distributed in the nucleus. Conclusion The eukaryotic expression vector was successfully constructed ,which could transport foreign protein into the mitochondria.

Differentiation of human amnion epithelial cells into hepatocytes in rat injured liver

2012, 32(9):  998-1003. 

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Abstract：Objective To study the survival and differentiation into hepatocytes of hAECs in vivo. Methods hAECs were isolated from human amnion treated with trypsin, and the phenotype and characteristics of immunocytochemistry were analyzed by FCM and immunofluorescence staining. Healthy and clean grade female SD rats were administered intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine diluted in normal saline at a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight, to establish liver injury model. Rats were then devided into hAECs group and control group stochastically, with twenty in each group. Twenty-four hours after modeling, 50μl cell suspension (approximately 1 × 106 cells suspended in L-DMEM) of hAECs was injected slowly into the left, middle and right lobe respectively with micro-syringe, while equivalent volume of L-DMEM injected into the control group. Results ⑴Freshly isolated hAECs expressed CD29 and CD166; immunofluoresce staining showed that cytokeratin 19 was positive in hAECs, while vimentin was negative. ⑵hAECs transplanted into injured liver were located in hepatic lobules at 48h, and expressed AFP at 1w, CK18 at 2w, and Alb at 4w after transplantation. Conclusion hAECs xenografted to rat injured liver can differentiate into hepatocytes, suggesting that hAECs may have the potential for treating clinical liver injury diseases.

PI3K/Akt signaling pathway up-regulates the expression of alveolar epithelial sodium channel in acute lung injury rats

2012, 32(9):  1004-1008. 

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Abstract:Objective To investigate the role of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway on expression of alveolar epithelial sodium channel(ENaC) in LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Methods Healthy adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, ALI group(LPS) ,treatment group(LPS+insulin), intervention group(LPS+insulin+wortmannin) with 5 rats in each group. The pathological changes in lung were observed, total lung water content(TLW) were measured, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were collected,and the mRNA and protein levels of ENaC and level of p-Akt were determined by RT-PCRand Western blot. Results Protein level and MPO activity in BALF and TLW in treatment group was significantly lower than that in ALI group (p＜0.05); Protein level and MPO activity in BALF and TLW in intervention group was significantly higher than that in treatment group (p＜0.05). The mRNA and protein levels of ENaC and level of p-Akt in treatment group were significantly higher than that of ALI group (p＜0.05); The mRNA and protein levels of ENaC and level of p-Akt in intervention group were significantly lower than that of treatment group (p＜0.05). Conclusion Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway up-regulates the expression of ENaC to clear the pulmonary edema fluid.

siRNA Represses MDR1 Gene Expression and Reverses Drug Resistance of VCR in L2RYC cell line

2012, 32(9):  1009-1014. 

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Objective To construct eukaryotic expression plasmids containing siMDR1, which can inhibit the expression of MDR1 in yolk sac carcinoma cells, and to study on the changes of vincristine resistance with MDR1 inhibition. Methods Four pairs of synthetical siMDR1 were reconstructed into pSES-HUS vector to obtain 4 pSES-siMDR1s, which were transfected into L2RYC, a rat yolk sac tumor cell line, by using Lipofectamine 2000, respectively. Then, the expression of MDR1 gene and protein were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot. MTT assay was performed to check the drug resistance of pSES-siMDR1 transfeced L2RYC cultured in the medium containing different concentration of Vincristine. Result The expression of MDR1 gene and protein in L2RYC were inhibited by four pairs of siMDR1s respectively, especially by pool siMDR1s. IC50 of vincristine in L2RYC was decreased with the inhibition of MDR1 expression and the most significant changes were observed in siMDR1s pool group. Conclusion Successfully constructed siRNAs which can inhibit the expression of MDR1. The sensitivity to vincristine was increased in L2RYC when MDR1 was repressed by siMDR1s.

Comparative proteomics analysis of human hepatocellular carcinoma MDR induced by 5-FU

2012, 32(9):  1015-1020. 

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ABSTRACT Objective To search the protein as to human hepatocellular carcinoma MDR and provide evidence for the mechanism study of hepatocellular carcinoma MDR.Methods Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel-7402 and 5-FU resistant cell line Bel-FU were cultured in vitro.The MDR of Bel-FU was detected by MTT assay,the screen the differential expression protein between Bel-7402 and Bel-FU by 2-DE and MALDI-TOF/ TOF, then Western-blot checked the result . Results compared with those in Bel-7402, 24 proteins were up-regulated in Bel-FU including FAK、TM3、ORP150、CRT、NSE 、80K-H protein、EF-1-D、phosphoprotein and so on ,and 12 proteins were down-regulated. Western blot confirmed that FAK、CRT were up-regulated in Bel-FU, they were in accordance with the results of 2- DE.Conclusion The differential expression protein between Bel-7402 and Bel-FU pay a way for the study of molecule mechanism as to MDR.

Increased expression of V1α receptor and AQP4 are related to rat brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage

2012, 32(9):  1021-1025. 

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Objective To investigate the change of arginine-vasopressin V1α receptor（V1αR）and aquaporin 4(AQP4) expression，to explore the mechanism of brain edema caused by intracerebral hemorrhage（ICH）．Methods Autologous blood were injected into the caudate nucleus to establish ICH models in rats．The changes of brain water content (BWC)were measured by wet and dry weight methods．The expression of V1αR and AQP4 were detected by immunofluorescence and Western blot after 6、12、24 and 48h．Results The expression of V1αR and AQP4 increased at 6h after ICH，and significantly increased the peak at 48h（21.88±0.44 and 23.16±0.67）than the sham group（14.32±0.55 and 13.90±0.40）．V1αR and AQP4 expressions positively correlated with BWC（P＜0.05）．Conclusion The increased expression of AQP4 mediated by V1αR played an important role in the brain edema after ICH．

Vasonatrin peptide promotes the synthesis of adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes of mouse and the underlying mechanismying mechanism

2012, 32(9):  1026-1029. 

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目的 探讨血管钠肽(VNP)对脂肪因子脂联素生成的影响及其机制。方法 在3T3-L1细胞分化的脂肪细胞，加入不同浓度的VNP，分别用实时定量PCR法和Western blot法检测脂联素的mRNA水平和蛋白表达，放免法测定细胞内cGMP的水平。结果 VNP可显著增加脂联素mRNA水平和蛋白表达，同时提高细胞内cGMP，含量为38±5~265±35 nmol/L，显著高于对照组的10±2nmol/L（P<0.01）；该效应可用8-Br-cGMP诱导，可被cGMP依赖性蛋白激酶抑制剂KT-5823或钠尿肽受体NPR阻断剂HS-142-1抑制。结论 VNP可通过NPR/cGMP/PKG信号通路增加脂肪细胞脂联素的表达。

Induction of human fibroblast cells to pluripotent stem cells and differentiation into cardiomyocytes

2012, 32(9):  1030-1035. 

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Abstract: Objective To increase the transduction efficiency of iPSC formation, decrease the time schedule and avoid the possibility of exogene introduction. Methods Human fibroblast cells were infected with retrovirus of Oct4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-myc which were packaged by GP2-293 cells. During the transduction, small molecules of SB431542，PD0325901 and thiazovivin were added into hESC medium, until iPSC colonies generated big enough to be cut and paste. The stable iPSC colonies were detected with the expression of ESC protein markers, cardiomyocytes differentiation and karotyping analysis. Results On day 13 small iPSC colonies were shown up, and on day 20 they were ready to be cut and transferred to cell culture dishes. The reprogramming period was shortened for 10 days, and the efficiency was increased by 12 times. The iPSC shared protein expression with hESC on Oct4，SSEA3，Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81. As well, both iPSC and hESC were differentiated into cardiomyocytes successfully with similar MEA data. And both showed normal karotyping results. Conclusion The iPSC reprogramming system established are efficient and time-saving for study on disease-specific model and holding clinic poteintial.

CYP gene polymorphism is associated with myocardial infarction

2012, 32(9):  1036-1039. 

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Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the association between the human CYP4A11 gene and myocardial infarction (MI), using case-control study with a separate analysis of the gender groups. Methods: 166 MI patients and 158 controls were genotyped for 3 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the human CYP4A11 gene (rs9332978, rs3890011, rs1126742). The data were assessed via case-control studies. Results: The distribution of SNP2 (rs3890011) genotypes showed significant difference between the MI and control subjects (P＜0.05), the distribution of the recessive model of SNP2 (rs3890011) (GG vs CC+GC) was significantly higher in MI patients than control subjects (P＜0.05). The significance of the recessive model of SNP2 (GG vs CC+GC) between MI patients and control subjects retained after adjustment for covariates, (95%CI: 1.138-2.432, P＜0.01). Conclusions: rs3890011 is a novel polymorphism of CYP4A11 gene that is associated with MI, GG genotype of rs3890011 appears to be genetic markers of MI.

Association between the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene I/D polymorphism and Post-cerebral Infarction Depression

2012, 32(9):  1040-1043. 

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Abstract：Objective To explore the association between the angiotensin-converting enzyme（ACE）gene I/D polymorphism and post-cerebral infarction depression（PCID）．Methods The ACE gene I/D polymorphism was detected in a study of 664 cerebral infraction cases, 286 post-cerebral infarction depression cases and 378 control cases without depression after cerebral infarction were classified. The association of gene polymorphism and post-cerebral infarction depression was evaluated. Results The genotype frequencies of ACE gene I/I and I allete in the PCID group（0.388 and 0.549） were significantly higher than those in the control group （0.286 and 0.481）. Conclusions These results suggest that ACE gene I/I variant is significantly associated with post-cerebral infarction depression.

Effect of chronic neuropathic pain on the expression of microRNA in the spinal dorsal horn of rats

2012, 32(9):  1044-1048. 

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Objective To investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs in the spinal dorsal horns of rats with chronic neuropathic pain, and predict the target genes of the miRNAs. Methods CCI(Chronic Constrictive Injury) rat model was established，and spinal dorsal horns were harvested when a peak pain was achieved on the 7th day post-op. Microarray analysis was applied to investigate the differentially expressed miRNAs in CCI rats, and the screened miRNAs were confirmed by real time RT-PCR. Furthermore, the possible target genes were predicted by three databases. Results miRNA microarray analysis showed the expression of miR-99b as significantly up-regulated, while the expressions of miR-674-3p，miR-879 and miR-325-5p as significantly down-regulated in the spinal dorsal horns of CCI rats compared with those in the sham and na?ve rats. The different expression profiles of the 4 miRNAs were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. About 26 target genes were predicted through the 3 databases based on the previous screened miRNAs. Conclusions Chronic neuropathic pain affecedt the expression of miRNAs. These miRNAs and target genes provided new clues for further research.

Gene therapy for rat hepatic fibrosis with recombinant adenovirus vector carrying HGF and hIL10

2012, 32(9):  1049-1052. 

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Abstract：Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the recombinant adenovirus vector carrying hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and human interleukin-10 (hIL10), Ad-HGF-hIL10, on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats and to provide experiment data for hepatic fibrosis gene therapy. Methods Hepatic fibrosis models were established by CCl4 in SD rats, and a total of 58 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. Ad-HGF-hIL10, Ad-HGF and Ad-hIL10 were injected into the tail vein of three testing groups respectively. Control group were injected with physiological saline. On the 15th day, blood samples were obtained from the rat hearts, and the serum TBIL, ALT, AST, TP and ALB levels were measured. After the rats were sacrificed, liver biopsies were performed and the liver tissues obtained were examined by light microscope. Results Compared with the control group, liver function of rats in the therapy group was obviously improved, while there is no obvious fibroplasia in the portal area. The ALT and AST level of the Ad-HGF-hIL10 therapy group were much lower than that of the Ad-HGF and Ad-hIL10 therapy group (P<0.01), while the A/G value of the Ad-HGF-hIL10 therapy group is more higher than the Ad-HGF and Ad-hIL10 therapy groups（P <0.01）. Conclusion：The double-gene therapy group has better therapeutic effect than other single-gene therapy groups. It was showed that HGF and IL-10 play a synergistic effect during hepatic fibrosis improvement. The experiment provides data for hepatic fibrosis gene therapy.

Expression and significance of TWEAK and Fn14 in the degenerated and traumatic lumbar discs

2012, 32(9):  1053-1058. 

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Abstract：Objective To investigate the expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in nucleus pulposus of human degenerated lumbar discs and evaluate their clinical significance. Methods The mRNA and protein expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in the experimental group（30 fresh pulpy nucleus of patients with lumbar disc herniation)and the control group(10 fresh pulpy nucleus of patients with traumatic lumbar vertebrae) were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemical staining. Results The mRNA expression of TWEAK was significantly higher in the experimental group when compared with that of the control group( 0.949士0.0931 VS 0.653士0.110 ,P＜0.01); It was same to TWEAK protein (0.682士0.126 VS 0.397士0.057 ,P＜0.01); Fn14 mRNA (0.936士0.125 VS 0.632士0.059,P＜0.01); and Fn14 protein (0.540士0.051 VS 0.344士0.072 ,P＜0.01). Conclusions The increased expression of TWEAK and Fn14 in degenerate lumbar discs indicates that TWEAK and Fn14 may be involved in the process of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration（IDD）.

Effects of Chinese herbal medicine Jinmaitong-medicated serum on the ROS level and expression of PARP-1 of rat Schwann cells cultured in high-glucose medium

2012, 32(9):  1059-1063. 

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Objective To investigate the effects of medicated serum prepared by administration of Jinmaitong(JMT), a compound Chinese herbal medicine, on oxidative damage and poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1(PARP-1) of Schwann cells cultured in high-glucose medium, Method SD rats were divided into normal control group(distilled water),JMT(1.31g/(kg?d)) group and vitamin C(0.08g/(kg?d))group to prepare medicated serum. Bilateral sciatic nerves of new born SD rats were used to separate Schwann cells. Schwann cells cultured in high-glucose medium were divided into high glucose group (50mmol/L glucose medium，JMT group(JMT-medicated serum) and vitamin C(VC)group (VC-medicated serum).Schwann cells cultured in DMEM were used as the normal control. After 48h culturing, the level of ROS was measured by confocal laser scanning microscope with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein(DCF) as a molecular probe and the expression of PARP-1 protein was detected by Western blot. Result: (1) Compared with high glucose group, the fluorescence intensities of ROS-DEC in Schwann cells cultured in JMT and VC groups were weaker significantly(P＜0.01). There were no significant differences between these two treated groups(P＞0.05). (2)Compared with high glucose group,the expression of PARP-1(89ku) in Schwann cells cultrued in JMT group decreased significantly(P＜0.01).The expression of JMT group was also much lower than that of VC group(P＜0.01).Conclusion: The medicated serum of JMT could down-regulate the expression of ROS and PARP-1 of Schwann cells cultured in high glucose medium, reduce the oxidative DNA damage.

The correlation of ART1 expression with angiogenesis in colorectal carcinoma and its relationship with VEGF and integrin αVβ3 expressions

2012, 32(9):  1064-1069. 

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Abstract:Objective To study correlation of the ART1 expression with VEGF and Integrin αVβ3 expression and the affection of ART1 to mieroangiogenesis in colorectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical be used to detect the expression of ART1, VEGF and Integrin αVβ3, and immunofluorescence double staining be used to detect co- expression of ART1/ VEGF and ART1/Integrin αVβ3;and the microvascular density(MVD) quantified by Chalkley analysis Results The expression of ART1，VEGF and integrin αVβ3 was significantly higher than in control group(P<0．05) ,and there is a positive correlation of ART1 with VEGF and Integrin αVβ3．The group of co-expression of ART1/ VEGF and Integrin αVβ3 show higher microvessel density(25.4±8.23，22.3±5.9) than the group of non-co-expression group(5.5±2.0和8.1±3.3，P

Effects of Chloroprocaine on the methylation status and the expression of CDH1, APC and P16 genes in human cervical cancer cells in vitro

2012, 32(9):  1070-1075. 

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Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of chloroprocaine (CP) on the methylation status and the expression of CDH1, APC and P16 genes in human cervical cancer cell lines HeLa and CaSki. Methods HeLa, CaSki and the normal human cell HUVEC cultured in vitro were exposed to different concentration (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 3 and 4 mmol/L) CP. The growth inhibition of the three cell lines treated at 48 h, 72 h and 96 h were studied by MTT assay. The three cell lines were all treated by the certain concentration CP which inhibited the growth of HeLa and CaSki significantly but not affect the growth of HUVEC apparently. The methylation status and the expression of CDH1, APC and P16 genes in the three cell lines were analyzed by methylated specific-PCR (MSP) and RT-PCR, respectively. Results After treated by 1.5 mmol/L CP for 96 h, the inhibition rates of HeLa and CaSki were (66.17±5.82) % and (69.12±6.89) %, which were significantly higher than that of HUVEC, (21.78±3.12) %. CDH1, APC and P16 genes were all demethylated at different level and mRNA expression of the three genes were recovered or increased in HeLa and CaSki cells after treated by 1.5 mmol/L CP for 96 h. Conclusion CP could inhibit the growth of HeLa and CaSki cells, meanwhile, it could demethylate CDH1, APC and P16 genes and recover or increase the genes’ expression in the two cervical cancer cells.

Sodium tungstate promotes the proliferation,differentiation and secretion of neonatal porcine islet cells in vitro

2012, 32(9):  1076-1081. 

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[Abstract] Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of sodium tungstate in diabetic therapeutical effects and the protective function in neonatal porcine islet cells, the effects of sodium tungstate on proliferation and differentiation of neonatal porcine islet cells was observed in vitro in our experiment. Methods Neonatal porcine islets (NPIS) were cultured with various concentration of sodium tungstate and carry out cell counting and MTT assay every other day. NPIS were exposed to the most proper concentration 300μmol/L sodium tungstate for three days, and the glucose-stimulated insulin secrtion (GSIS) were detected，the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), insulin content in islet cells and PDX-1 mRNA , GLUT-2 mRNA were assayed by Western blot and RT-PCR respectively . Results The group of islet cells cultured with the dose of 300μmol/L had the higher light absorption in MTT assay（P < 0.05）and GSIS was significantly increased in the group.The protein expressions of PCNA（1.17±0.13 vs2.24±0.19,P < 0. 05），INSULIN content （0.37±0.08 vs1.62±0.17，P < 0. 01）and mRNA expressions of PDX-1（0.11±0.03 vs0.34±0.05，P < 0. 01）、GLUT-2（0.13±0.02 vs 1.06±0.10，P < 0. 01）were all significantly up-regulated by sodium tungstate. Conclusion 300μmol/L sodium tungstate have the advanced effect on promoting the proliferation and differentiation of neonatal porcine islet cell. It also have the effect in enhancing the function of insulin secretion.

Effects of combined stenosis removal with Rho kinase inhibitors on cognitive function of rats with carotid artery stenosis

2012, 32(9):  1082-1087. 

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Objective To observe the intervention effect of the removing carotid artery stenosis combined with Rho kinase inhibitors on severe carotid artery stenosis induced VCI model of cognitive function, hippocampal apoptosis and related gene expression. Method 60 SD rats which were made into severe carotid stenosis model were randomly divided into five groups: combination group, drug group, narrow discharge group , control group and the sham group. Combination group was given a narrow lift and fasudil (8.35mg/kg), drug group were injected the same amount of fasudil, narrow discharge group were lifted the narrow, and the control group was injected with equal volume of saline. In 2, 4 weeks after the intervention, the spatial learning and memory ability of rats were measured by Morris water maze; analysed the expression of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 and Bax in hippocampus by immunohistochemistry and detecting the apoptosis of hippocampal nerve cells by TUNEL staining. Results Compared with the simple drug group and narrow discharge group, the combined treatment group’s escape latency and the percentage of swimming distance were improved (P <0.05), the number of apoptosis-related protein Bcl-2 positive cells was increased while the Bax positive cells was reduced (P <0.05), and 4 weeks is more pronounced than two weeks (P <0.05), neuronal apoptosis rate of hippocampus District in combined treatment group decreased(P <0.05), and with the extension of treatment time, the apoptosis rate was downward trend.Conclusion Combined stenosis removal with Rho kinase inhibitors could significantly improve stenosis-induced cognitive impairment by adjusting the expression of apoptosis-related proteins .

Fosinopril Suppresses the expression of TAK1 of the Human Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells Induced by LPS

2012, 32(9):  1088-1092. 

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Abstract：Objective To investigate the effects of fosinopril(FOS) on expression of TAK1 and proliferation of the human renal tubular epithelial cells induced by LPS. Methods Human renal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were divided into three groups: blank control group(Ctol), LPS group (10 μg/L), FOS group (LPS 10 μg/L+ FOS 1×106 mol/L). At 12, 24, 48 hours, HK-2 proliferation was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The change of fibronectin (FN) in the supernatants of the cultured HK-2 was detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The protein expressions of TAK1 and FN were measured by Western blot. The mRNA expressions of TAK1 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results The cell proliferation and the expression of FN were increased, and the expressions of protein and mRNA of TAK1 in LPS group were upregulating significantly compared with control group from 12 h (P<0.01，P<0.05), but they were downregulating in FOS group compared with LPS group(P<0.01). Conclusion FOS probably delay renal interstitial fibrosis by inhibiting proliferation and activation of HK-2 and decreasing accumulation of extracellular matrix.

Effect of rosiglitazone on serum changes of ox-LDL, ET and NO in type 2 diabetes rat.

2012, 32(9):  1093-1094. 

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Objective: To develop a rat model with the metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetic mellitus. To study the changes of serum changes of ox-LDL, ET, NO and the relashionship among them. And to observe intervention effect of rosiglitazone. Methods: 80 male Wistar rats were randomized to control group, high fat diet group, diabetes group, and rosiglitazone treatment group (diabetes plus rosiglitazone treatment). Type 2 diabetes models were developed and rosiglization group was treated with rosiglitazone. After 6 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment with rosiglitazone, rats were sacrificed and blood sample were collected. Blood glucose, fat, insulin, oxided low density lipoprotein, endothlin and nitric oxide were tested. Data were compared among the four groups. Data of 6 week and 12 week were compared in each group itself. Results: 1. At 6 week and at 12 week, compared with control group, blood glucoses, lipid profile and fasting inuslin of high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group were increased significantly. 2. Compared with control group, ox-LDL in high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group increased significantly at 6 week. At 12 week, ox-LDL in diabetes group increased significantly than that of control group. Compared with that at 6 week, ox-LDL at 12 week in high fat diet group increased significantly. 3. Compared with control group, endothelin in high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group increased at 6 week and 12 week. And endothelin in diabetes group was higher than that in high fat diet group and rosiglitazone group at 12 week. 4. Compared with control group, nitric oxide in high fat diet group, diabetes group and rosiglitazone group decreased at 6 week and 12 week. And nitric oxide in diabetes group was lower than that in high fat diet group and rosiglitazone group at 12 week. Conclusion: 1. There are more aggravated glucose and lipid metabolic disorder in diabetes group than in high-fat diet group, and all of these are aggravated gradually with the prolongation of time. 2. Both in diabetes group and in high-fat group, the level of ox-LDL and endothelin are increased, while NO is decreased gradually with time prolongation. 3. Rosiglitazone can improve the glucose and lipid metabolic disorder and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes rats in some degree. And it can also decrease the atherosclerosis factors, such as ox-LDL, ET, and correct the imbalance of NO/ET.

The relationship between Tim-3 and the ligand Galectin-9 and virus infection

2012, 32(9):  1095-1098. 

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Abstract: T cell immunoglobulin-and mucin-domain-containing molecule-3（Tim-3）is one of the Tim family’s members, when combed with its ligand, half breast meat - 9 (coagulants Galectin - 9), it could significantly inhibit the activation and proliferation of T cell, and regulate the expression of cytokines and secretion. Tim - 3 / Galectin - 9 pathway is prone to participate in the immune response and to regulate the antiviral immune response. Blocking the path can promote the response of CD8 + T cell and the virus control. Therefore, there may be a close relationship between Tim - 3 / Galectin - 9pathway and the chronicity of virus infection. This article provides an review about the biological characteristics and functions of Tim - 3 and its ligand, Galectin - 9, and about the recent developments in research into the virus infection.

The immunomodulation of leptin resistance and its relationship with the development of tumor

Hua-Yang WANG Xun QU

2012, 32(9):  1099-1102. 

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Leptin is a multifunctional hormone that regulates energy balance, appetite, reproduction, hematogenesis et al. Its action is mediated by leptin receptor. Leptin resistance is related with the tumorigenesis and tumor development. Leptin resistance not only plays an important role in the proliferation and apoptosis of cancer cells, but also regulates the number and function of variable kinds of immunocytes in tumor microenvironment. The immunomodulation of leptin resistance is vital for the development of cancer. Up to now, the immunomodulation of leptin resistance has been found to act in many kinds of tumors. To elucidate its mechanism might prove effective in cancer diagnosis and prevention.

Progress in the study of immune response to Candida albicans infection

2012, 32(9):  1103-1106. 

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The pathogenesis of Candida albicans（C. albicans） is mainly due to the interaction between C. albicans and human immune system. It stimulates human to produce Innate immune response, specific cellular immune response and humoral immune response when C. albicans infects human. Which specific cellular immune response is dominant. Therefore, to understand the immune response to C. albicans has great clinical significance in disease diagnosis, prevention and treatment.

Research Progress of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 Genovariation Association with Coronary Artery Disease

2012, 32(9):  1107-1110. 

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Abstract: Abnormal lipid metabolism plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD), ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is the rate limiting step in the reverse cholesterol transport(RLT) and high density lipoprotein(HDL) production. ABCA1 genovariation can cause abnormal lipid metabolism, promoting the development of atherosclerosis and CAD. This paper is about the study progress of ABCA1 genovariation and its effect on the pathogenesis of CAD.framework、genovariation and clinical application with CAD.

The application of cell co-culture in the reconstruction of cells and tissues in vitro

2012, 32(9):  1111-1114. 

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Abstract: It has been a concerned subject for a long time in the areas of stem cells and tissue engineering that how to imitate in vivo environment for the reconstruction of cells and tissues in vitro. The cell co-culture system can be established by many methods such as two-dimensional cell co-culture which includes direct cell-to-cell contact and indirect contact between different cells, three-dimensional cell co-culture, and conditional medium. The co-culture system of direct contact through porous membrane and three-dimensional culture can increase the differentiated flexibility of stem cells and is stressed more and more. Based on maintaining the fundamental structures and properties of cells, the system makes the environment in vitro to be consistent with in vivo environment as far as possible through interactions of two or more kinds of cells and tissues. So the cell co-culture system makes up for the defects of monolayer cell culture and is conducive to reconstructing cells and tissues in vitro closer to the physiological state. The system is widely used in modern cell research, which makes it to be an excellent technology for the cells and tissues reconstruction in vitro of cornea, periodont, cartilage, cardiovascular, neural, et al.