Abstract: The essential hypertension is not only the syndrome due to many complicated factors, but also the main inducement and reason in the occurrence and development of cardio-cerebrovascular disease. Based on analysis of the relations between gut microbiota and the clinical risk factors (glyeolipid metabolism disorder,obesity,atherosclerosis) of the essential hypertension, and the research on relationship between gut microbiota and circadian clock disturbance, gut microbiota and central blood pressure regulation,this article illustrates the changes of the community characteristics of gut microbiota might affect on the occurrence and development of hypertension, also abnormality of the energy absorption,low level elevations of gut derived endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) and dysfunction of the gut barrier might play the most important role in this process, moreover, the microbiota-gut-brain axis is one of the important approaches.Combining with the increasing evidences which gut microbiota involved in the hypertension control, this article puts forward a viewpoint that gut microbiota might be a new target for the intervention of essential hypertension.

Key words: Essential hypertension, Gut microblota.