尿液代谢组学研究技术进展及其在癌症诊断中的应用

doi:10.16352/j.issn.1001-6325.2025.08.0999

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尿液代谢组学是发现非侵入性生物标志物的重要途径,它可以检测特定疾病发生过程中或治疗干预前后的代谢物差异,为疾病的早期诊断、预防及个体化治疗提供新的思路。与其他体液样本相比,尿液样本的特点是易于收集、代谢物丰富以及能够及时反映体内生化代谢途径的变化。在尿液代谢组学的研究中需要严格按照标准进行样本的采集和保存。核磁共振(NMR)和质谱(MS)是尿液代谢组学研究的主要分析技术。由于尿液样本中代谢物复杂,需要根据具体的研究目标选择合适的分析技术,或结合多种技术以提高对代谢物分析的全面性和准确性。本文对现有研究报道进行综述,以了解尿液代谢组学研究相关的主要技术进展及其在癌症风险检测中的应用。

关键词: 尿液代谢组学, 核磁共振, 质谱, 癌症诊断

Abstract: Urine metabolomics serves as a crucial approach for discovering non-invasive biomarkers. It enables the detection of metabolite variations during disease progression and therapeutic interventions, offering novel insights for early disease diagnosis, prevention, and personalized treatment. Compared to other bodily fluids, urine exhibits distinctive advantages, including ease of collection, metabolite abundance, and the capacity to promptly reflect biochemical metabolic pathway alterations in vivo. Strict adherence to standardized protocols for sample collection and preservation is imperative in urine metabolomics research. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) are primary analytical techniques in urine metabolomics studies. Given the complex composition of urinary metabolites, appropriate analytical technologies should be selected based on specific research objectives, the combination of multiple techniques often employed to enhance the comprehensiveness and accuracy of metabolite analysis in samples. This review focuses on major technological advancements in urine metabolomics and their applications in biomarker discovery from cancer screening.

Key words: urinary metabolomics, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, cancer diagnosis

中图分类号:

陈凌云, 陈文嵩, 孙勤强, 訾金. 尿液代谢组学研究技术进展及其在癌症诊断中的应用[J]. 基础医学与临床, 2025, 45(8): 999-1009.

CHEN Lingyun, CHEN Wensong, SUN Qinqiang, ZI Jin. Progress in urinary metabolomics research technologies and applications in cancer diagnosis[J]. Basic & Clinical Medicine, 2025, 45(8): 999-1009.

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