Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of GnRH analogue (GnRH-A) on secretion of LH and FSH, ovary histostructure and development in female rabbits, so as to provide the scientific bases for exploring further the mechanism of GnRH-A adjusting the reproductive functions. Methods Twenty-four female rabbits（Oryctolagus cuniculus）were divided randomly into experiment groups 1, 2, 3（EG-I, II, III）and control group (CG). Rabbit were subcutaneously injected with 1.0 mL GnRH-A antigen respectively at concentrations of 0.1g /L, 0.1g /L and 0.05g /L in EG-I, EG-II and EG-III. The rabbits in EG-II and EG-III were re-injected on 20 d. CG was as blank. Ten mL blood was collected on 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 70 d. The concentrations of FSH and LH in serum were assayed with ELISA. The ovary was collected aseptically on 70 d. The tissue sections were observed under the optical and electronic microscopes. Results Serum FSH and LH concentrations in EG-II and EG-III reached the peak on 40 d (20 d after re-injection). LH concentration in EG-II exceeded other 3 groups (P<0.05). Numbers of primary follicle increased. The ovarian cortex thickness（OCT）EG-II and EG-III thickened. The follicle vertical diameter(FVD) and follicle transverse diameter(FTD) enlarged, which was depedend upon the used dosage. GnRH-A could obviously speed up oocyte development by enlarging nucleus and chondriosome，increasing the quantities of mitochondrial cristae. The cortical granules and secretions in cytoplasm also raised. The zona pellucida and microvillus of the oocytes broadened and lengthened. Conclusion Injection of GnRH-A could enhance the synthesis and secretion of FSH and LH in female rabbits, and promote the development of ovary and follicle.