Abstract: Schwann cells (SCs) have strong plasticity. After peripheral nerve injury, Schwann cells dedifferentiate into repair phenotype and dominate the repair process. C-Jun N-terminal kinase, mitogen activated protein kinase and other signaling pathways and transcriptional regulators are involved in regulating Schwann cell-mediated repair process. In this review, we discuss the main signaling pathways and transcriptional regulators of Schwann cell promoting peripheral nerve regeneration.

Key words: peripheral nerve, Schwann cells, signal pathway, nerve regeneration, repair mechanism