Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of lethal peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis and to define the risk factors. Methods All patients who developed PD related peritonitis between Jan. 1999 and May 2015 in PUMCH were included．Clinical profiles were collected. Patients were divided into mortality group(n=16) and non-mortality group(n=182) according to whether peritonitis causing mortality. Baseline clinical profiles were compared between two groups. Cox regression analysis was used to define the risk factors for mortality. Results White blood cells [(10.2±6.3)×109/L vs (5.8±1.8)×109/L , P<0.05] increased, but serum albumin[(25.2±8.5)g/L vs (34.0±6.3)g/L, P<0.05] and potassium concentration [(3.5±0.9)mmol/L vs (4.5±1.0)mmol/L, P<0.05] decreased at the time of lethal peritonitis compared to the baseline. Organism cultures were positive in half of the patients as bacteria (31.2%), fungus (12.5%)and mycobacterium tuberculosis (6.25%). Multiple cox regression analysis identified cardiovascular disease as the independent risk factor for peritonitis related mortality (HR 9.318,95% CI 1.875-46.305, P<0.01). Conclusions Peritonitis happened on patients with cardiovascular disease may cause mortality.

Key words: peritoneal dialysis related peritonitis, mortality, risk factors