Abstract: Immune cell activation plays an important role in the occurrence and development of peripheral neural injury,repair and regeneration. As an important product of immune cell activation，IL can also be secreted by some neurons and glial cells, which may make it play dual roles of inducing pain and analgesia, stimulating damage and regeneration during the development of peripheral neuropathy.

Key words: interleukin, neuropathy disease, peripheral nerve repair and regeneration