Abstract: Objective To investigate the Allelic and haplotype frequency distribution of seventeen short tandem repeat loci of Y chromosome in Heiyi Zhuang ethnic groups in Guangxi province. Methods Seventeen Y-STR loci , of which the template DNAs were extracted from blood samples of 184 unrelated male individuals in Heiyi Zhuang population, were amplified by using the AmpFlSTR? Yfiler?. The PCR products were genotyped with ABI PRISM 310 genetic analyzer. Results 　 The Gene diversity ranged from 0. 4910 to 0.9727 at DYS456、DYS389Ⅰ、DYS390、DYS389Ⅱ、DYS458、DYS19、DYS385a\b、DYS393、DYS391、DYS439、DYS635、DYS392、Y-GATA-H4、DYS437、DYS438、DYS448 . A total of 180 different haplotypes were observed , The haplotype diversity value calculated from all 17 loci combined was 0. 99976. The significant difference of the allelic frequency distribution in Y-STR loci was observed between Heiyi Zhuang population and other observed populations. Conclusion 　The 17 Y-STR loci in Heiyi Zhuang population of Guangxi province are highly affluent genetic polymorphic and can offer valuable genetic datas for paternity testing and paternal genetic lineages evolution.

Key words: Y chromosome, short tandem repeats, Heiyi Zhuang ethnic groups, genetic polymorphism