基础医学与临床 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (8): 1149-1153.

• 医学教育 • 上一篇    下一篇

北京市大学生乙肝相关知识、态度、行为及健康教育需求

师悦1, 刘胜兰2, 王雪竹1, 羽思1, 徐海峰3, 刘伟4, 郑永昌3*   

  1. 1.中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院, 北京 100730;
    2.北京大学医学部 公共卫生学院, 北京 100191;
    3.中国医学科学院 北京协和医院 肝脏外科, 北京 100730;
    4.中国医学科学院基础医学研究所北京协和医学院基础学院 人体解剖与组织胚胎学系, 北京 100005
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-22 修回日期:2019-09-27 出版日期:2020-08-05 发布日期:2020-07-29
  • 通讯作者: *zyc_pumc@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    北京市科学技术委员会研究基金(Z171100000417004)

Knowledge, attitudes, practice and health education needs related to hepatitis B among undergraduates in Beijing

SHI Yue1, LIU Sheng-lan2, WANG Xue-zhu1, YU Si1, XU Hai-feng3, LIU Wei4, ZHENG Yong-chang3*   

  1. 1. Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730;
    2. School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191;
    3. Department of Liver Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100730;
    4. Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Science, School of Basic Medicine, CAMS & PUMC, Beijing 100005, China
  • Received:2019-04-22 Revised:2019-09-27 Online:2020-08-05 Published:2020-07-29
  • Contact: *zyc_pumc@163.com

摘要: 目的 了解北京市大学生乙肝防治知识、态度、行为状况以及相关健康教育需求情况,为北京市高校开展健康教育提供科学依据。方法 用随机整群抽样的方法,抽取524名学生开展问卷调查。问卷内容包括人口学特征、知识、态度、行为及对健康教育的需求尤其是对新媒体这一教育形式的需求。结果 北京市大学生对乙肝知识总知晓率为71.3%;平均分为(9.27±2.78)分;乙肝主要传染途径知晓率仅67.2%;大多数人去正规医院拔牙、做手术,不去非正规场所打耳洞或纹身,46.6%的人偶尔与他人共用牙刷、剃须刀等;北京市大学生最希望获得信息的途径前3位是:学校教育(80.3%)、广播/电视/电影/网络/音像资料(65.6%)、医生宣传(50.6%);最喜欢的宣传材料是图画为主的材料如宣传画/折页/连环画(54.0%);最喜欢的网络查询形式是到医学专业的网站上查看(62.6%);最喜欢的网络传播知识的形式是文字+图片(68.5%)。结论 北京市大学生乙肝防治知识和行为都有所欠缺。今后应利用高校为主要阵地,同时辅以新媒体手段,对大学生开展健康教育。

关键词: 乙肝防治, 大学生, 知信行, 健康教育需求

Abstract: Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, practice and health education needs related to hepatitis B among undergraduates in Beijing, and to provide a scientific basis for health education in colleges and universities. Methods A questionnaire survey of 524 undergraduates in Beijing was conducted by random cluster sampling method. The questionnaire items cover demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, practice and the need for health education, especially that via new media. Results The awareness rate of knowledge of hepatitis B was 71.3%; the average score was 9.27±2.78; the awareness rate for transmission of hepatitis B was only 67.2%; most undergraduates went to eligible hospitals for dental extractions and surgery never visit to ineligible places for ear piercing or tattoo, but 46.6% of them occasionally shared toothbrushes and razors with others; the top three preferred information channels for health education were school education (80.3%), radio/TV/film/video (65.6%) and clinical education (50.6%); the most popular publicity materials were the ones with illustrations such as posters, folding and comics (54.0%); the most selected way of internet searching was to view the medical information websites (62.6%); the most favorite form of internet publicity is text plus pictures (68.5%). Conclusions There is still a lack of essential knowledge about hepatitis B among undergraduates in Beijing. In the future, health education using new media as an information channel should be underlined in colleges and universities.

Key words: prevention and control of hepatitis B, undergraduates, KAP, demand for health education

中图分类号: