Abstract: Objective To compare the effect of flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in treatment of renal calculi less than 3 cm. The effectiveness, reliability and the effect on inflammatory response of the two methods were compared. Methods From January 2015 to September 2021, 74 patients with renal calculi were collected and divided into FURS group and PCNL group with 35 in FURS group and 39 in PCNL group. The indexes before and after operation were compared. Results The statistically significant difference was found in operation time [(69.6±19.0)min vs(84.8±20.5)min], hospitalization days [(3.8±1.1)d vs (6.4±1.3)], intraoperative bleeding [(21.4±8.9)mL vs (75.4±48.6)mL,P＜0.01], pain VAS score [(1.0±0.9) vs (3.2±1.6),P＜0.01],freiburg patients satisfaction [(1.7±0.8) vs (2.2±1.1),P＜0.05] and complications (2.9% vs 17.9%,P＜0.05). Three days after operation, the COR[(209.3±20.9)ng/mL vs (226.4±38.8)ng/mL P＜0.05] and MDA [(6.9±0.6)nmol/mL vs (10.0±1.0)nmol/mL,P＜0.01] in the FURS group were lower than those in the PCNL group, while SOD [(70.6±8.3)NU/mL vs (61.3±7.8)NU/m) was higher than those in the PCNL group and the difference was statistically significant. The IL-6[(11.8±1.1)pg/mL vs (14.1±1.1)pg/mL,P＜0.001), IL-10 [(9.1±0.9)pg/mL vs (12.5±1.1)pg/mL,P＜0.001] and TNF-α[(1.7±0.1)ng/mL vs (2.3±0.1)ng/mL,P＜0.001]in the FURS group were significantly lower than those in the PCNL group three days after operation. Conclusions FURS is confirmed to be a safe and effective treatment for renal calculi less than 3 cm because of with low oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

Key words: flexible ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, renal calculi, oxidative stress, inflammatory factors