Abstract: Objective To compare the features of chest CT scans in patients with COVID-19 infection and in patient on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), so as to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Methods The complete clinical data and chest CT findings of 35 patients with COVID-19 and 60 patients on MHD who had been admitted to Beijing Haidian Hospital from February to March 2020 were collected, their imaging features and clinical characteristics were analyzed and compared. Results A total of 95 patients were included, aged from 18 to 80 years old. Among the 35 patients with COVID-19, 32 cases (91%) had lesions mainly distributed in the lung field, 25 cases (71%) had ground glass opacities as the major manifestation, 22 cases (63%) were associated with interlobular septal thickening, 28 cases (80%) were complicated with intravascular thickening, and 11 cases (31%) had bronchial inflation. Among the 60 patients on MHD, 31 cases (41%) had lesions mainly distributed in the centers of the bilateral lung fields, 42 cases (70%) had ground glass opacities, 37 cases (62%) interlobular septal thickening, including 4 complicated with peribronchial cuff- ing(7%), 41 cases (68%) had enlarged cardiac shadow, including 14 (23%) complicated with pleural effusion, and 27 cases (45%) had widened pulmonary artery. Conclusions Both patients with COVID-19 and those on MHD were found with ground glass opacities complicated with interlobular septal thickening on chest CT, but patients on MHD showed obvious changes such as enlarged cardiac shadow complicated with widened pulmonary artery. Therefore, the chest imaging features from the two types of patients can be used to provide a solid basis for clinical and differential diagnosis.

Key words: coronavirus disease 2019, maintenance hemodialysis, chest CT