Abstract: Abstract: Objective　To investigate the relationship between nuclear factor-kappa B( NF-кB ) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1( MCP-1) in elderly patients with cerebral infarction and their roles in atherosclerosis. Methods By DSA examination, 72 elderly patients with cerebral infarction combined carotid artery stenosis were involved in the study. The light stenosis was seen in 33 cases, the middle stenosis was seen in 24 cases, the heavy stenosis was seen in 15 cases. 38 healthy people without Cerebrovascular Disease were adopted as control group. NF-кB DNA binding activity was measured by Trans- AM transcription factor assay kits . The levels of serum MCP-1 were detected by ELISA. We have analyzed correlation between NF-кB, MCP-1, blood glucose and blood fat. Results The activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in the cerebral infarction group were significantly higher than those in the control group( P<0.01). There are significant difference in the activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in the different stenosis groups( P<0.01). The activity of NF-кB and the levels of serum MCP-1 in cerebral infarction group increased with the progression of carotid artery stenosis. The correlation analysis results showed that there was positive correlation between NF-кB and MCP-1（r=0.72，P<0.01）,and there was also positive correlatio between NF-кB and blood glucose,（r=0.58，P<0.01） in cerebral infarction groups. Conclusion The results indicate that the complicated interaction between NF-кB and MCP-1 may involved in inflammatory reaction mechanism of atherosclerosis. The simultaneous determination of NF-кB and MCP-1 could have am important significance to evaluate risk of cerebral infarction.