Abstract:OBJECTIVE To isolate four polysaccharides from Tremella and study their physicochemical properties, microstructures, antioxidant activities and anti-inflammation effects. METHODS The polysaccharides were purified using water extraction method, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and Sephadex G-100. The physicochemical properties and microstructures were studied using high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), gas chromatography (GC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis. Anti-inflammation activities of the polysaccharides were identified using real time quantitative PCR. RESULTS Four kinds of major polysaccharides (TABW-Ⅱ, TFBW-Ⅱ, TEPW-Ⅱ and TSPW-Ⅰ) were purified from water-extraction crude polysaccharides from Tremella. TABW-Ⅱ, TFBW-Ⅱ, TEPW-Ⅱ and TSPW-Ⅰ were homogeneous with relative molecular mass 26×103, 11×103, 21×103 and 356×103, respectively, and they consisted mainly of glucose and mannose. TEM reveale that their molecular morphologies were linear, and TSPW-Ⅰ had more extended structure with entangled chains. Compared with vitamin C (Vc), TSPW-Ⅰ showed more noticeable scavenging effects of superoxide (EC50=0.127 mg·mL-1) and hydroxyl (EC50=0.088 mg·mL-1) radicals (P<0.05). TSPW-Ⅰ also showed the highest inhibitory effects of TNF-α, IL-6 and COX-2 mRNA expressions in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells, and the inhibitory effects were more than 95% at 150 μg·mL-1 TSPW-Ⅰ. CONCLUSION The results indicate that TSPW-Ⅰ with entangled and extended liner structures have more obvious antioxidant and anti-inflammation effects than other major polysaccharides from Tremella family. Furthermore, this study indicates the potential utilization of Tremella polysaccharides in anti-inflammatory agents.
王昭晶, 罗巅辉, 曾亚威. 4种银耳属多糖的理化特征、微观结构及其抗氧化和抗炎症作用研究[J]. 中国药学杂志, 2019, 54(21): 1788-1793.
WANG Zhao-jing, LUO Dian-hui, ZENG Ya-wei. Physicochemical Properties, Microstructure, and Antioxidant and Anti-inflammation Effects of Four Major Polysaccharides from Tremella. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal, 2019, 54(21): 1788-1793.
WANG H, QU W, CHU S, et al. Studies on the preventive and therapeutic effects of the polysaccharide of Tremella aurantialba mycelia on diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice[J]. Acta Nutr Sin(营养学报),2002,24 (4):431-432.
[2]
ZHANG W, QU W, ZHANG X. The anti-hyperglycemic activity of polysaccharides from Tremella aurantialba mycelium[J]. Acta Nutr Sin(营养学报),2004,26 (4):300-303.
[3]
DU X J, ZHANG J S, YANG Y, et al. Structural elucidation and immuno-stimulating property of an acidic heteropolysaccharide (TAPA1) from Tremella aurantialba[J]. Carbohydr Res,2009,344 (4):672-678.
[4]
KIHO T, KOCHI M, USUI S, et al. Anti-diabetic effect of an acidic polysaccharide (TPA) from Tremella aurantia and its degradation product (TAP-H)[J]. Bio Pharm Bull,2001,24(12):1400-1403.
[5]
KERN T S. Contributions of inflammatory processes to the development of the early stages of diabetic retinopathy[J]. Exp Diabetes Res,2007,1 (1):1-14.
[6]
SCHRODER K, SWEET M J, HUME D A. Signal integration between IFNγ and TLR signaling pathways in macrophages[J]. Immunobiology,2006,211 (6-8):511-524.
[7]
KAZOWSKA K, HSU T, HOU C C, et al. Anti-inflammatory properties of phenolic compounds and crude extract from Porphyradentata[J]. J Ethnopharmacol,2010,128 (1):123-130.
[8]
MUELLER M, HOBIGER S, JUNGBAUER A. Anti-inflammatory activity of extracts from fruits, herbs and spices[J]. Food Chem,2010,122 (4):987-996.
[9]
WANG K, LI W, RUI X, et al. Chemical modification, characterization and bioactivity of a released exopolysaccharide (r-EPS1) from Lactobacillus plantarum 70810[J]. Glycoconjugate J,2015,32 (7):17-27.
[10]
WANG Z J, ZENG Y W, LUO D H. Structure elucidation of a non-branched and entangled heteropolysaccharide from Tremella sanguinea Peng and its antioxidant activity[J]. Carbohydr Polym,2016,152:33-40.
[11]
LUO D H, YUAN X M, ZENG Y W, et al. Structure elucidation of a major fucopyranose-rich heteropolysaccharide (STP-Ⅱ) from Sargassum thunbergii[J]. Carbohydr Polym,2016,143:1-8.
[12]
LUO D H, FANG B S. Structural identification of ginseng polysaccharides and testing of their antioxidant activities[J]. Carbohydr Polym,2008,72 (3):376-381.
[13]
DUBOIS M, GILLIS K A, HAMILTON J K, et al. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances [J]. Anal Chem,1956,28 (3):350-356.
[14]
BRADFORD M M. Rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding[J]. Anal Chem,1976,72(1-2):248-254.
[15]
WANG Z J, LUO D H. Antioxidant activities of different fractions of polysaccharide purified from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino[J]. Carbohydr Polym,2007,68 (1):54-58.
[16]
CHEN L, CHEUNG P C K. Mushroom dietary fiber from the fruiting body of pleurotus tuber-regium: fractionation and structural elucidation of nondigestible cell wall components[J]. J Agr Food Chem,2014,62 (13):2891-2899.
[17]
CHEN L, LIU J, ZHANG Y, et al. A novel alkaline hemicellulosic heteroxylan isolated from alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) stem and its thermal and anti-inflammatory properties[J]. J Agr Food Chem,2015,63 (11):2970-2978.
[18]
YUAN X M, ZENG Y W, NIE K Y, et al. Extraction optimization, characterization and bioactivities of a major polysaccharide from Sargassum thunbergii[J]. PLoS One,2015,10(12):e0144773.
[19]
ZHOU R,CAO S,LUO D H. Species identification of umbilicariales from seven areas and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of crude polysaccharides[J]. Chin Pharm J (中国药学杂志),2018,53(19):1632-1637.