Basic & Clinical Medicine

Translational Medical Science: Medical Science Patient Benefits

Jian GUAN; Jie CHEN

2008, 28(8): 785-788.

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Simultaneous to the rapid development of life sciences, translational medical sciences have a new significance within recent years. Translational medical science aims to eliminate the barriers between clinical, pharmaceutical drug breakthroughs and basic research, to shorten the interval from bench to bed side, and to facilitate rapid patient benefits from medical sciences. Translational medical science concurrently agrees with modern 21st century research trends, as well as emphasizing upon Chinese goals of health and sanitation (hygiene science), preventing and treating disease to preserve and improve health standards and quality of life. Following a long-term self study model of integrating basic with clinic research since 1921, Peking Union Medical College Hospital in collaboration with various basic medical science institutions recently explored a pilot study of translational medical science in China today.

The therapy of neural system diseases with adult stem cells—A valuable research field of translational medicine

Ren-zhi WANG Jun-ji WEI;

2008, 28(8): 789-791.

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Neural system diseases are the significant diseases, which threatened the life quality of human being. The investigation of stem cells especially the adult stem cells improved the related basic and clinical research of biological therapy and show a prpspective future. The transplantation of adult stem cells maybe an effective method to treat neural system diseases. So the collaboration between the basic research and clinical research should be strenthened in order to serve the patients clinically. Translational medicine can bridge and link the basic medicine and clinical medicine, which is a valuable field.

Value of MRI and iron oxide particle labeling in stem cell therapy of brain ischemic rats

Jing-jing LU; Yu WANG; Zheng-yu JIN; Jun-ji WEI; Feng FENG; Ren-zhi WANG

2008, 28(8): 792-796.

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Objective To explore the value of MRI and iron oxide particle labeling in stem cell therapy of stroke model. Methods Nine rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion were randomly selected and underwent Neurological Severity Scoring( NSS), MRI and pathological examination. The results of the 3 evaluation criteria were correlated. Bone marrow stromal cells were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. Eighteen models were screened and divided into 3 groups with regards to different transplantation sites. MRI was performed at different time points. The MR appearance of labeled stem cell transplantation sites was observed. The relative infarct volume of the models in the three groups were recorded and compared. Results The correlations among the NSS, MRI and pathological examination were good. Different MR sequences could depict local transplanted labeled stem cells, the gradient echo sequence being the most sensitive method, while the T2WI showed its advantage of better temporal resolution. MR images showed the morphological changes of transplanted stem cells. The change of the relative infarct volume showed no significant differences among the three groups. Conclusion MRI is an ideal tool to evaluate the rat stroke model. MRI together with iron oxide particle labeling technique helps to in vivo track and monitor the transplanted stem cells.

Increased epithelial and werum expression of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with colorectal carcinoma

Xing-xiang HE; Xiao-yu LI; Hai-bo GUO; Shi-zhang HUANG; Fu-yuan GAO;

2008, 28(8): 797-800.

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Objective Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is implicated in tumorigenesis. This study was conducted to determine the MIF expression in normal colorectal mucosa，colorectal adenoma and colorectal carcinoma , and the relationship between MIF and the clinical pathologic features of colorectal carcinoma. Methods MIF expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining in 8 normal colorectal mucosa , 20 colorectal adenoma ，49 colorectal carcinoma specimens. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the level of MIF in the sera of 20 healthy volunteers, 12 colorectal adenoma patients and 30 colorectal cancer patients. Results The percentage of MIF expressing epithelial cells and the MIF positive expression intensity were progressively increased in normal colorectal mucosa, colorectal adenoma and colorectal carcinoma. There were significant difference among three groups (P<0.001, ANOVA). There was a significant association between epithelial MIF expression and serum MIF levels (R=0.751, P=0.002). The expression of MIF was positively correlated with differentiation degree, lymph node metastasis, and liver metastasis. Conclusions Epithelial and serum MIF expression is progressively elevated in normal colorectal mucosa, colorectal adenoma and colorectal carcinoma, suggesting that MIF is involved in colorectal carcinogenesis and development .

Changes of NCX and SERCA2a gene expression in myocardial tissues in rats with pressure overload-induced left ventricular

Dan SU; Jian-hua CHENG; Ya-lei DAI; Da-zheng WU Hai-lian SHI

2008, 28(8): 801-804.

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Objective To observe the change of NCX,SERCA2a gene expression in myocardial tissues and abnormity of heart function in rats with pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy. Methods cardiac hypertrophy was induced by clipping the abdominal aorta in rats. The parameters of hemodynamics including LVSP,LVEDP,±dp/dtmax,and HR were measured.The cardiac hypertrophy was evaluated by Left ventricular index(LVWI,left ventricular weight/body weight). NCX,SERCA2a mRNA and protein expressions in left ventricular tissues were determined by half-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot normalized to abundance of GAPDH mRNA and protein,respectively. Result LVSP and LVEDP were obviously enhanced（P<0.01，P<0.001） in rats with cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. LVWI was increased remarkably（P<0.001）in model group. RT-PCR and Western blot results demonstrated that NCXmRNA expression was upregulated(P<0.05),and SERCA2a mRNA and protein expression were downregulated(P<0.05) significantly in model group compared with sham group. Conclusion Abnormity of heart function,especially diastolic function was observed. in rats with pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy,and that may be relative to down-regulation of SERCA2a expressions in left ventricular tissues.

Enhancement effect of human insulin-like growth factor-1 gene on aggrecan expression of degenerative intervertebral disk

Zong-qiang HUANG; Shang-li LIU Zhao-min ZHENG;

2008, 28(8): 805-809.

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Objective To study hIGF-1gene expression and the influence on aggrecan expression of degenerative intervertebral disk. Methods twenty four male New-Zealand rabbits IDD models were done according to reference[1] and randomly divided into Ad/CMV-hIGF-1、hIGF-1 growth factor and PBS group. Twenty five microlitre the second generation Ad/CMV-hIGF-I（T=80×109 PFU/L）, hIGF-I growth factor(100 μg/ L) and PBS were respectively injected into L4-5, L5-6 intervertebral disk under fluoroscopic guidance. One，two，four and eight weeks post-operation, rabbits were sacrificed, intervertebral disk samples were harvested. Total proteins of equal mass intervertebral disks were extracted, isolated in SDS--polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) Millipore. The hIGF-I growth factor expression were indentified with Western blot. Aggrecan gene fragments were amplified with RT-PCR，and relative expression was done with GAPDH as intern control. Results The hIGF-I interest protein existed at 7.6 kilo-Dalton. At one week after injection, its expression quantities were almost equal between Ad/CMV-hIGF-I and hIGF-I growth factor group. At two week after injection, it obviously declined in hIGF-I growth factor group. At four week after injection, it still expressed in Ad/CMV-hIGF-I group. At eight week after injection, it did not express in three groups. Aggrecan gene relative expression increased significantly from one to four weeks after injection, declined slightly at the end of eight weeks in Ad/CMV-hIGF-I group. However, it appeared to decrease continuously in the other two groups with time. At the corresponding phases, that in PBS group were the lowest. Conclusions Ad/CMV-hIGF-I successfully infected degenerative intervertebral disk. The hIGF-I gene expression lasted four weeks and could stimulate aggrecan synthesis in Ad/CMV-hIGF-I group.

PPAR-γ coupled signaling pathways involved in rat liver regeneration

Cun-shuan XU Zi-kuo TANG

2008, 28(8): 810-815.

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Objective　PPAR-γ is acknowledgedly one of members of peroxisome proliferator activated receptors family, and acts by regulating a wide spectrum of biological activities such as carbohydrate metabolism, cell mobility, differentiation, apoptosis and so on. Of course, the above activities occur in liver regeneration. This study aims to investigate the possible contribution of PPAR-γ coupled signaling pathways to rat liver regeneration (LR) at transcription level. Methods　The above signaling pathways-related genes were obtained by collecting database data and retrieving pertinent literatures. The gene expression changes during LR was checked by Rat Genome 230 2.0 array, and LR-associated genes were identified by comparing gene expression difference between partial hepatectomy (PH) and sham operation (SO) groups．Results　64 genes were found to be LR-associated. The number of initially and totally expressed genes occurring in initiation phase of LR, G0/G1 transition, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and structure-function reconstruction was 28, 4, 34, 2 and 72, 41, 247, 90 respectively, illustrating the related-genes were initially expressed mainly in initial phase and functioned in different phases. Classification of their expression patterns into 11 groups reflected diversity and complexity of gene expression alteration in LR. Conclusion　It was inferred that PPAR-γ coupled signaling pathways maybe promote glycogen synthesis in forepart, prophase and anaphase of LR, cell proliferation and migration in the whole LR, while inhibits inflammation during LR.

Expression changes of TrkA and NGF in cochleas of rats after whole cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

Ning-hua SHI Zhi-jian ZHANG Yan XU Dong-lin WANG Zhi-qiang ZHOU

2008, 28(8): 816-819.

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Objective To study the expressions of tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) and nerve growth factor (NGF) on cochlear corti in rats after whole cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods Establishing a model of whole cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats; examining the expressions of TrkA and NGF on cochleas assuming the method of immunohistochemistry stain; and examining the time and distribution of the cochlear hair cell apoptosis using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferasemediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Results After ischemia-reperfusion the 6h NGF expression increased, the 24h NGF expression reached the highest and then restored gradually. After ischemia-reperfusion the 24h-7d TrkA expression weakened or even didn't expresse. During 3-7d the cochlear hair cells presented with apoptoses. During 7-14d TrkA expression restroed gradually. Conclusion TrkA expression is significant for mediating NGF to promote the sensory nerve cell surviving and for the biological effects of the repair of injury.

Expression and relationship of P27kip1 and nuclear export factor CRM1 in Lymphoma cell

Yu-chan WANG; Yue-ming ZHAO; AI-guo SHEN; Dong-mei ZHANG; Xiao-dong HUANG; Jian-xin LU; Song HE; Chun CHENG

2008, 28(8): 820-824.

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Abstract: Objective To investigate the expression and relationship of P27kip1 and nuclear export factor CRM1 in lymphoma cells. Methods Cells were synchronized using serum starvation, 10%serum stimulating proliferation. The expression of P27kip1 and Jab1 were detected by cell fractionation and Western blot. LMB were used for stimulating Jurkat cells those were in proliferation process, and then detect the expression of P27kip1 and Jab1. Using immunoprecipitation detect the combination of P27kip1 and CRM1. Results The albumen amount of P27kip1 was always contrary with the albumen amount of CRM1. What’s more, the location of P27kip1 accorded with the expression of CRM1. P27kip1 and CRM1 could form compound in Jurkat and Raji cells detected by immunoprecipitation. Conclusion These indicated the CRM1 may influence the location and expression of P27kip1 through integrating with P27kip1, and then may participate in regulating the growth of NHL cells.

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells promotes recovery of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Ting ZHANG; Yun ZHOU; Ya ZHANG; Zhi-hua HONG; Xiang-ming YAN

2008, 28(8): 825-830.

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Objective To investigate the therapy effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on renal recovery after ischemia-reperfusion injured. Methods 72 Spargue-Dawley rats(220-280g, 6 weeks old) were randomly assigned into 4 groups. (1)normal control(n=6), (2)sham operated control(n=6), (3)the I/R group( n=30), rats were subjected to 45 min bilateral renal ischemial-reperfusion injury with microvascular clips, after 60 min of reperfusion they were injected saline intravenously, (4)the MSCs group(n=30), rats were subjected to 45 min bilateral renal ischemial-reperfusion injury with microvascular clips, after 60 min of reperfusion they were injected in BrdU positive MSCs（1×106/ml）intravenously. The animals were sacrificed at 12h, 3d, 7d, 14d, and 42d after reperfusion, so the bilateral kidney and blood samples were harvested. The blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and serum creatinine(Scr) were measured on automatic biochemistry analyzer. Renal morphologic changes were scored with Paller's criterion on hematoxylin and eosin(H&E) stained sections. The apoptosis of tubular cells were examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL). PCNA positive tubular cells were detected immunohistochemically as proliferation index. And confocal microscopy were used to identified the distribution of BrdU positive MSCs. Results After 12h, 3d of reperfusion, the Scr value of MSCs group were signifcantly lower than I/R group(P <0.05), the BUN value of MSCs group were lower than I/R group(P <0.05 ) . After 12h, 3d, and 7d of reperfusion the renal morphologic score of MSCs group were evidently lower than I/R group(P < 0.05). After 12h of reperfusion, the apoptosis tubular cells were much less than I/R group(P < 0.05). MSCs inhanced tubular proliferation at 12h, 3d, and 7d after reperfusion(P < 0.05). 42d after reperfusion, a few BrdU-positive cells were located at renal tubuli. Conclusions MSCs is of therapeutical value to renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, ameliorating the tissue damage,contributing to renal function recovery, and MSCs may also differentiate into renal tubular cells in vivo.

Irradiated combined with antisense VEGF therapy for esophageal cancer xenografts

Wei FENG; Shu-chai ZHU; Yu-xiang WANG

2008, 28(8): 831-834.

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Objective To investigate the effect of antisense VEGF on the radiation sensitivity of esophageal cancer cells in vivo.Methods 16 male BLBA/C/nu nude mice were randomly divided into 4 groups and prepared cells were subcutaneously injected on the paw pat of mice(2×10 6/100μl/mice): The volume of the subcutaneous tumors was measured before and after irradiated and transfected.The effect of treatment was assessed by tumor growth delay . The expression level of VEGF were examined in different groups by RT-PCR ,western blotting respectively..Results The absolute growth delay (AGD)for antisene group, irradiation group and antisene plus irradiation group was3.0±2.6, 10.1±5.4 and 27.4±3.1 days,and nominal growth delay (NGD) was 24.4±3.1 days . The enhancement factor of antisense VEGF for radiotherapy was 2.41.The decreased expression level of endogenous VEGFmRNA and protein were found in antisene group by RT-PCR and western blotting analysis.Conclusions Combining Antisense VEGF and radiotherapy could enhance radiotherapic effect for esophageal cancer xenografts

Effect of recombinant adenovirus vector containing Hyper-IL-6 on acute liver failure rats

Chuan-min WANG; Chun-hua QIE; Bo QIN

2008, 28(8): 835-840.

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Objective To explore the treatment effects and mechanisms of Hyper-IL-6 mediated by recombinant adenovirus on rat with acute liver failure(ALF).Methods The eighty ALF rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, normal saline was injected for non-infection group ；Ad0,AdIL-6 and AdHIL-6 was respectively injected for group Ad0,group AdIL-6,group AdHIL-6.Subsequently to determine the index of hepatic function,the liver pathology,the hepatocelluar apoptosis in situ,the expression of PCNA and caspase-3 in liver tissue,and to observe the survival rate of rats for 14 days.Results The contents of serum ALT and TB,and apoptotic index in rats of group AdHIL-6 were markedly decreased than that of the other groups,inversely the significant expression of PCNA(P＜0.01).The liver pathological change was mild,and owned higher survival rate at the end of 14 days in group AdHIL-6;Conclusion It was significant that the potency of Hyper-IL-6 enhancing hepatocelluar proliferation and defending hepatocyte apoptosis on the rats with ALF. It can effectively ameliorate liver function and histology,and improve the survival of rats with ALF.

High volume hemofiltration relieve acute lung injury induced by LPS in dogs

Fen LIU; Zhen-guo ZENG; Rong JIANG; Ke-jian QIAN; Nong-hua LV

2008, 28(8): 841-845.

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Objective To research the mechanism of High Volume Hemofiltration (HVHF) on acute lung injury (ALI) induced by LPS in dogs . Methods After injected LPS (650μg/kg) via central vein within 30min, Sixteen healthy hybrid male dogs were divided into control group and treatment group randomly (n=8) .PH、PaO2 、PaCO2 in artery blood were recorded . Contents of TNF-α、IL-6 and IL-10 in plasm were measured by radioimmunity . The activity of NF-кB in lung homogenate was measured by flow cytometer . The content of surfactant protein B (SP-B) in lung homogenate was measured by protein Western-blotting.Changes of lung histopathology was observed via electron microscope. Results After injection of LPS , PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 began to decrease. PaO2 and PaO2/FiO2 in treatment group kept higher than that in control group (P<0.01) . In treatment group, the content of TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10 in plasm obviously decreased after HVHF and the activation of NF-κB were also decreased. There was very significant difference at the same time between two groups (P<0.01). The content of SP-B in lung homogenate in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.01). Edema of alveoli and lung mesenchymal,hemorrhage,infiltration of inflammatory cells and the injury of PC-II in treatment group were obviously lightened after HVHF . Conclusion HVHF can relieve ALI induced by LPS in dogs, which is contributed to the continuously elimination of inflammatory medators , the inhibition of activation of NF-κB then the down regulation of high expression of cytokines , the attenuation of mesenchymal and alveolar inflammatory edema , and the increase of content of SP-B.

Hyperbaric Oxygen-treatment decreased the expression of Caspase-3 in the brain of Hypoxic-Ischemic injuried rats

Guo-jun TAN; Yan-ping NIU; Ling WAN

2008, 28(8): 846-849.

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Objective To explore the effect of Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) on the apoptosis resulted from Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage (HIBD)，and to observe the changes in Caspase-3 expression. Methods Rats were divided into HIBD、HBO、sham operation group(n=24).To observe the morphologic change of brain tissues treated by HBO and compared with that of the Hypoxia-ischemia rat model, then check the dynastic change of Caspase-3 expression by immunohistochemistry at different time point. Results The expression of Caspase-3 in the hippocampus and cortex was higher than that of sham group at 18, 24, 48 and 96h time point（P<0.05）. The increased Caspase-3 expression decreased significantly in the brain of HIBD rats after HBO treatment (P<0.05). Conclusions HBO decreased the expression of Caspase-3 in hippocampus and cortex of HIBD rats.

Estrogen reduces apoptosis induced by H2O2 in PC 12 cells

Mei ZHANG; Wei LI; Jian-qiang FENG

2008, 28(8): 850-854.

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OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of estrogen on H2O2-induced apoptosis and to study the protection of estrogen. METHODS Setting up the experimental model of apoptosis induced by H2O2 in PC12 cells. The viability of cells was assessed by MTT assay. The activity of lactate dehydrogenase was detected by colorimetry. Hoechst 33258 was used to show apoptosis. The percent of apoptotic cells was measured by flow cytometry (FCM) with propidium iodide stain. The activity of caspase-3 was detected by colorimetry. RESULTS H2O2 significantly decreased the viability of cell, increased leakage of LDH, and promoted apoptosis as well as caspase-3 activity in PC12. Estrogen markedly reduced these changes. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen reduce apoptosis induced by H2O2, and its mechanisms may involve inhibition of activation of caspase-3.

Detection of PTEN gene Promoter Hypermethylation in Lung cancer Patients

Zong-tao YU; Qiong GAO; Jun LU; Ji-Cai ZHANG; Ya-Li YUAN

2008, 28(8): 855-858.

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Objective To investigate the status and diagnostic value of aberrant phosphatase and tensin homology deleted on chromosometen(PTEN) gene promoter in tissues, peripheral plasma and BALF of lung cancer patients. Methods We analyzed the methylation of PTEN gene in tissues, peripheral plasma and BALF by methylation specific-PCR. Results The frequency of methylation of Promoter of PTEN gene was 26.67%(12/45) in lung cancer tissues , 15.56%(7/45) in peripheral plasma, 22.22%(10/45) in BALF, no methylation product was detected in lung tissues without cancer, normal plasma and BALF controls (ρ< 0. 01); there were significantly coincident in patients tumor tissues, plasma and BALF.Conclusions Detection of aberrant methylation of PTEN promoter in plasma and/or BALF may contribute to a definite value in early prognostic in lung cancer.

Blood glucose control improved myocardial glucose metabolism in diabetic rats

Xiao-lin CHEN; Chong-yuan WEN; Teng WANG; Yong WU

2008, 28(8): 859-862.

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Objective To investigate the effects of glycemic control on myocardial glucose metabolism in type 2 diabetic rats．Methods Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups：control, diabetes, therapy．Fed with high一fat diet and intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin to establish type 2 diabetic model，the rate of carbohydrate oxidation was measured by isolated heart Langendorf perfusion apparatus, the expression level of glucose transport 4(GLUT4) was measured by Western blotting. Results Compared with the control group，the diabetic rats had a significantly depression of glucose uptake in the hearts（P<0．O1）. The oxidation rate of glucose decreased , and the oxidation rate of free fatty acid increased (P<0．05). The expression level of GLUT4 in myocardium was decreased by 53％．When compared with the diabetic rats, in insulin-treated rats ,glucose uptake and the rate of glucose oxidation in myocardium was increased, the rate of fatty acid oxidation was decreased, and the expression level of GLUT4 was increased by 47％ (P<0．01)．Conclusions Glycemic control improved myocardial glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.

CXCR4 gene expression promotes K562 cells chemataxis

Hui-jing CHEN; Yun-bin YE; Shu-ping CHEN; Zhi-feng ZHOU

2008, 28(8): 863-866.

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Objective To construct the tranfected cell expressing the human CXCR4 gene and the effect on its immigration. Methods The total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood monouclear cell (PBMC)，the full-length CXCR4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR and was inserted into plasmids PBudCE4.1 which have two promtor, after the identification by digestion and sequencing ,the recombinant was transfected into K562 cell by lipofectamineTM2000. After screening culture by zeocin, stable transfected K562 cell line was established, and transcription and exression of CXCR4 were identified by flow cytometry; the chemotactoc activity of K562 cell transfected and untrandfected CXCR4 was analysed by Transell plate. Results The eukaryotic expression plasmid PBudCE4.1/ CXCR4 was constructed successfully. The stable trasfected K562/CXCR4 cell lines which highly express CXCR4 was established，the chemotactic activity of K562/CXCR4 was increased significiant than K562. Conclusion The CXCR4 transfected K562 cell line was successfully established, and it can make the basis for the further research on mechanism of extramedullary infiltration in leukemia

Influence of cobalt chloride on the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells

Jian-qun HAN; Min-hua YU; Min DAI; Hong-wei LI; Rui-juan XIU

2008, 28(8): 867-872.

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Objective To investigate the effect of cobalt chloride on tumor cells proliferation and apoptosis in vitro, to explore the reasonable strategy of chemical hypoxia induced by CoCl2. Methods Two tumor cell lines (A549 and HeLa) were respectively exposed to CoCl2 (0.05~2mmol/L) for different time period (4~48h), cells viability、proliferation and apoptosis were maesured by MTT and FCM methods. HIF-1α and related apoptosis proteins expression were detected by Western blot. Results Cells viability were weakly changed in low concentration（≤200?mol/L）of CoCl2 within 24h. However, higher dose or prolonged challenge of CoCl2 significantly decreased cell survival rate (p<0.05). Most of the damaged cells were early apoptosis population after CoCl2 (200?mol/L) incubation within 24h, major of the damaged cells were late apoptosis and necrosis part after CoCl2(800?mol/L) treatment. CoCl2 (200?mol/L) exposure implicated in up-regulating the expression of HIF-1α, Bax, P53 and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 in A549 cell within 24h. However, higher concentration (~400?mol/L) or prolonged CoCl2 challenge lead to HIF-1α expression decreasing. Similar results were observed in HeLa cell, except P53. Conclusions Effect of CoCl2 on the tumor cells proliferation and apoptosis is dose and time-dependent. But prolonged or higher dose of cobalt exposure was not positive to expected chemical hypoxia effect (HIF-1α expression). The concentration and duration of CoCl2 administration should be taken into consideration in chemical hypoxia.

Changes in blood flow of rats with diabetes mellitus after the acute hind limb ischemia

Yu-ming ZHAO; Ke-xin SONG; Xiao-qing YAN; Lei YOU; Jun XU

2008, 28(8): 873-875.

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Objective To establish the acute hind limb ischemia on Wistar rat with diabetes mellitus. Methods 30 male Wistar rats were induced by intraperitoneal STZ (50mg/kg) injection, as well as the blood glucose level tested over 16.8mmol/L. The rats were ligated on the left femoral artery, then the blood perfusion on the hind limbs ischemia were measured by LDPI after the operation. Results The fasting plasma glucose level on 22 Wistar rats(81.5%) were kept above 16.8mmol/L, and the hind limb blood perfusion would recover slowly to the level of the right side from 1 to 14 day (p<0.05). There is no distinctly significance on both sides until the 21st day. Conclusion Followed by the above mentioned protocol, the acute hind limb ischemia on the diabetic Wistar rat can be established during 3 weeks, which provided the possibility to investigate the healing mechanism of the diabetic food ulcer.

Simvastatin inhibits cell apoptosis in traumatic brain tissue of rats

Geng-shen ZHANG; Lin-wei JIA; Li LIU; Guo-zhu SUN; Rui-chun LIU

2008, 28(8): 876-877.

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Clinical study on G6PD gene mutations of children in GanZhou area

Tao SONG; Xiao-ling ZHANG; Fan LI; Yin-qiang ZHENG; Jun-kun CHEN; Yue-mei LIU

2008, 28(8): 878-879.

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Abstract：Objective：To investigate mutations in the Glucose-6-phospate dehydrogelmse(G6PD)gene among G6PD-deficient children in GanZhou and make benefits for the prevention and treatment of G6PD deficiency．Methods：The amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)was used to detect gene point mutation in seventy two G6PD-deficient patients that had been diagnosed by using metahemoglobin return to original state experiment．Results：Of the forty G6PD deficiency sample，28 cases was found carrying the G1388A mutation．10 the G1376T mutation and 3 the A95G mutation for 38.9%，13.9% and 4.7% ，respectively．The other 31 cases were not detected carrying the three mutations．All these genotypes probably resulted in severe G6PD activity deficiency and had severe clinical manifestation. Conclusion：G1388A，G1376T，and A95G were the common mutations in G6PD-deficient individuals in GanZhou．

Expression of COX-2 and VEGF in acute leukemic patients

Chen-jiao YAO; Zi-li FAN; Yi XIE

2008, 28(8): 880-881.

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Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema : a retrospective analysis of 8 cases

Wen-jie ZHENG; Yu WANG; Ying JIANG; Xuan ZHANG; Xiao-feng ZENG; Feng-chun ZHANG; Fu-lin TANG

2008, 28(8): 882-885.

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Objective To investigate the clinical features of Remitting Seronegative Symmetrical Synovitis with Pitting Oedema（RS3PE）,especially it's association with malignancy to avoid misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis of the underlying neoplasm. Methods The clinical data of Eight RS3PE patients hospitalized during Jan 2003 and June 2007 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The Clinical characteristics, laboratory tests, response to treatment as well as the outcome were studied. Results: Among the 8 patients, five were male and 3 were female，the mean age of RS3 PE onset was 60.9 (38～79yr). 5 had idiopathic RS3PE without underlying disease, and 3 presented associated neoplasm. All patients had symmetrical polyarthritis and pitting edema on the dorsum of hands and/or feet. Extra-articular symptoms were more conspicuous in patients complicated by neoplasm. Serum RF、AKA、APF and anti-CCP antibody were all negative. antinuclear antibodies （ANA） was positive with low titer in five cases. Hand and foot radiographs did not show bone erosion in all cases. After therapy of steroid and/or immunosuppressive, 2 cases exhibited persistent remission of articular symptoms and edema, whereas relapses occurred 6, 7 and 36 months respectively after the initial diagnosis in 3 cases who had been pathologically confirmed as having Non-Hodgkin-Lymphoma and thereby received chemotherapy periodically. Conclusion RS3PE is a group of clinical manifestations with prominent heterogeneity, therefore intensive follow-up is necessary, and the presence of systemic symptoms/ signs in RS3PE patients should alert the physician to the possible concomitant malignancy.

Oxidative stress and type 2 diabetes

Fang WANG; Yan MENG

2008, 28(8): 886-889.

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Insulin resistance and islet cell dysfunction are the main pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. The generation of a great quantity of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) impairs the function of mitochondria and induces oxidative stress during metabolic process of hyperglycaemia and hyperlipemia. Oxidative stress results in: (1) block the insulin action pathway and induce insulin resistance; (2) depress the expression of insulin gene; (3) decrease insulin secretion; (4) impair cell function. In this paper, we summary the mechanism of the ROS generation, insulin resistance and cell dysfunction induced by oxidative stress.

Dendritic cell-based tumor vaccine

Wei WANG; Xian-da YANG

2008, 28(8): 890-893.

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As the central component of immune response, dendritic cells (DCs) are the most powerful antigen presenting cells. Compared with the conventional direct vaccination, ex vivo treatment of the DCs with tumor antigens generates more potent APC to stimulate antitumor response in vivo. This efficient cellular immuno-therapy is gaining increasing popularity in tumor vaccine preparation.

Strengthen the scientific quality of graduate students by literature presentation and discussion course

Yang ZHANG; Hong-bing ZHANG Xian-da YANG; You-he GAO

2008, 28(8): 894-896.

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The main objective of today's graduate education reform is to improve the quality of graduate students. Curriculum development, as an essential part of graduate education, is pivotal to this goal. While classroom teaching innovation is placed in the front of curriculum development, it has become an important issue for graduate education study to practice an alternative ability centered way other than the current knowledge centered classroom teaching. They offered the course called "literature presentation and discussion" to the class 2006 graduate students at Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. This article outlined and discussed the purpose，practice of this course，feedbacks from students and problems and solutions.

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