Abstract: Objective To investigate the differential expression of miR-207 in urine samples and kidneys of rat renal fibrosis (renal fibrosis, RF) model and its function was investigated. Methods The rats were divided into two groups, including one undergoing ligation of the right ureter as UUO rat model, the other just under the same surgery but not ligation the ureters as shamed rat model. Real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-207 in kidney and urine of rat renal fibrosis model. The function of miR-207 was investigated with transfection of miR-207 mimics and inhibitor to the rat renal tubular epithelial cells NRK-52E. Results miR-207 expression in urine and kidney tissues of rat renal fibrosis model was upregulated（P<0.05）. miR-207 increased the expression of gene related to fibrosis in rats renal tubular epithelial NRK-52E cells. Conclusions miR-207 might play an important role in renal fibrosis and provide a potential possibility for the diagnosis of renal fibrosis.

Key words: renal fibrosis, miR-207, NRK-52E