Abstract: Objective: To investigate the expression of miR-143 during adipogenic differentiation of Mesechymal stem cells（MSCs）in mice, and the regulation mechanisms of MSCs’ adipogenic differentiation. Methods：The MSCs of C57BL／6 mice were isolated, cultured by using the whole bone marrow method, amplified by the differential adherent method, and adipogenic differentiation of the fifth generation of MSCs was induced with the adipogenic medium. We used the microRNA microarray to explore the expression of miR-143 in the MSCs group and adipocytes group, and validated it by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). Results：We got high-purity MSCs and Oil O staining showed that lipid droplets were increased in MSCs treated with adipogenic conditions, which implied that the MSCs were induced into adipocyte successfully. The miR-143 was up-regulated during adipogenic differentiation showed by microRNA microarray analysis and confirmed by using real -time PCR（3.73±0.42 vs 1.00±0.14，P<0.01）.Conclusion: MiRNA-143 may take part in regulating the adipogenic differentiation of MSCs.

Key words: miRNA-143, mesenchymal stem cells, adipogenic differentiation, microRNA microarray, real-time PCR