Abstract: Objective To isolate and identify Rhodococcus equi （R.equi）from clinical specimens, and to explore the relationship between antibiotic sensitivity and clinical efficacy. Methods From April 2019 to April 2020, 17 cases of erythrococcus equi were isolated and identified as the treatment group, and 17 cases of empirical drug treatment patients as the control group. Results According to the antibiotic sensitivity combined with drug therapy, the clinical efficacy of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group. Conclusion Rational use of antibiotics combined with drugs can significantly improve the cure rate of clinical curative effect.