Abstract: We reviewed through literature search and data analysis, we discussed the specific etiology and causes of urological tumors.The etiology of urological tumors include internal causes (heredity and variation) and external causes (environment, smoking, radiation, etc.), covering all 7 causes (physical, chemical, biological, genetic, endocrine, immune and mental factors); covering all 6 dissections of the urinary system (6/6100%), 10 statistical diseases (10/15, 66.67%). Among them, smoking occupied 3 anatomical parts (3/6, 50%) and 3 diseases (3/15, 20%). Coffee occupied 2 anatomical parts (2/6, 33.33%) and 2 diseases (2/15, 13.33%). Tea can increase the risk of kidney cancer, but it will reduce the risk of prostate cancer. Occupational factors occupy 3 anatomical sites (3/6, 50%), and 4 diseases (4/15, 26.67%). It is necessary for us to improve the occupational environment protection and conduct regular examination of specific occupations for early diagnosis and early treatment. The causes of urothelial carcinoma include iatrogenic factors such as chemotherapeutic cyclophosphamide, analgesics and Chinese herbal medicine (aristolochic acid, etc.). chronic infection and lower urinary tract obstruction are also a high risk factor. Some diseases can be prevented. The etiology of urologic tumors covers all pathogenic factors, and etiological research can provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Prevention is the key.

Key words: urinary neoplasms, etiology, inducement, prevention