Abstract: Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of AKI cases and then to evaluate the different risk factors and judge the influence of different etiologies on prognosis. Method The clinical data and laboratory results of 507 AKI cases were analyzed. Data from good and poor prognosis groups were compared and then to evaluate the influence of different clinical data and etiologies on prognosis. Results 253 cases (49.9%) of 507 patients were defined as good prognosis group while 254 cases (50.1%) were defined as poor prognosis. Compared with good prognosis group, patients with poor prognosis were tend to be older (P<0.001), with higher baseline serum creatinine (P<0.01), higher incidency of anemia (P<0.01) and hypoalbuminia (P<0.001), as well as higher inflammatory cytokines (P<0.001). Models were established to predict the prognosis of AKI after multivariate logistic regression analysis. The models interpreted that acidosis, even in the compensated stage, was risk factor of AKI (P<0.05); MODS (P<0.001), inflammatory cytokines (P<0.01), and oliguria (P<0.01) were also risk factors while albumin (P<0.01) and hemoglobin (P<0.05) were protective factors. The most common cause of AKI in AKIN 1 and 2 stages was severe infection while in AKIN 3 stage was tubulointerstitial damage; different AKIN staging made no significant difference in the prognosis of AKI in this study. Conclusion 1. Compensatory acidosis, MODS, inflammatory cytokines and oliguria were risk factors of AKI; 2. The causes of AKI should not be underestimated.

Key words: Acute kidney injury, acute renal failure, compensated metabolic acidosis，inflammatory cytokines, prognosis, etiology