Abstract: Objective The purpose of this article was to determine if structural equation model(SEM) can be successfully applied to analyze the assessment dimensions of the residents training‵s Objective Structured Clinical Examination, (OSCE ).Methods OSCE ,exploratory factor analyses(EFA) and the Confirmatory Factor Analysis(CFA) were applied. Results The OSCE is assessing 4 dimensions of clinical competencies. Conclusions Residents’ clinical competence can be proved by OSCE.

Key words: residents training, OSCE, assessment dimensions, EFA, CFA