Abstract: Cushing's syndrome describes the signs and symptoms associated with prolonged exposure to excess cortisol. Inappropriately high levels of the glucocorticoid harms the brain’s structure and function by damaging nerve cells, inducing apoptosis of neurons, suppressing neurogenesis, modulating synaptic plasticity, etc. Thus neuropsychiatric disorders as depression and cognitive impairment appear, with or without hippocampal atrophy. Surgery and medical treatment like mifepristone may improve those symptoms.

Key words: Cushing’s syndrome, glucocorticoid, neuropsychiatric disorders