Abstract: Objective　To explore the protective effect of high density lipoprotein（HDL） on organs function of rats with severe burns. Methods One hundred and thirty-five Wistar rats were employed in the study and were randomly divided into control (n =15), burn (n=60, with 30%TBSA full-thickness burn on the back) and HDL［(n =60,with the injection of HDL (80mg/kg) via the caudal vein immediately after burns )］groups. The rats in the latter two groups were resuscitated with intraperitoneal isotonic saline. The serum content of ICAM-1 and TNF-αas well as the blood content of PCO2 and PO2 of the rats were determined at 12, 24, 48and 72 post-burn hours(PBH) and in control group. The pathological changes in the cardiac muscle, pulmonary tissue, hepatic tissue, renal tissue of the rats in all groups were observed at 12, 24, 48 and 72 PBH. Results PCO2 and the contents of ICAM-1, TNF-α, oxLDL, CK, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr in burn group were significantly higher, but the PO2 was lower than those in control group at each time-point (P<0.05). PCO2 and the contents of ICAM-1, TNF-α, oxLDL, CK, ALT, AST, BUN, Cr in HDL group were significantly lower, but the PO2 was higher than those in burn group at each time-point (P<0.05). Compared with the burn group, the pathological changes of the cardiac muscle, pulmonary tissue, hepatic tissue, renal tissue injury was markedly alleviated in the HDL group. Conclusion HDL has the protection effect on organs function of rats with severe burns via suppress inflammation reaction by reducing the expression of ICAM-1 and TNF-α.