Abstract: Objective To investigate the potential correlation between non-breathing-related sleep fragmentation and cerebral small vessel disease(CSVD). Methods A total of 124 cases were collected from patients hospitalized in Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from September 2019 to September 2021. After completing the cerebral magnetic resonance plain scan(MRI+MRA+DWI+FLAIR)and risk factor screening, the patients completed the mobile sleep respiration monitoring,cardiopulmonary coupling map(CPC), excluding respiratory related sleep disorders, patients with CSVD were taken as the experimental group (70 cases) and patients without CSVD as the control group (54 cases). Sleep monitoring data between the two groups were compared,including total sleep time (TST), sleep latency (SL), stable sleep duration (stable), unstable sleep duration (unstable),rapid eyes movement duration(REM), arousal index(ArI), sleep efficiency (SE) and apnea hypopnea index (AHI). Results ArI in the experimental group (30.00±10.06 times) was significantly higher than that in the control group (25.61±9.42 times)(P＜0.05). The median AHI in the experimental group was 5.75(2.65-9.10)times/hour, significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05). The median duration of Stable was 45.75(19.38-91.13) min in the experimental group,remarkably lower than 76.50(35.5-102.9) min in the control group(P＜0.05). The median Stable proportion in the experimental group was 12.70%(6.23%-22.50%), markedly lower than that in the control group, 19.4%(8.78%-27.90%)(P＜0.05). After adjusting for age, hypertension, and diabetes, ArI was an independent risk factor for CSVD (OR=1.098, 95% CI:1.022-1.180)(P＜0.05). Conclusions Non-breathing-related sleep fragmentation increases the risk of asymptomatic CSVD.

Key words: sleep, sleep fragementation, arousal index, cerebral small vessel disease, cardiopulmonary coupling(CPC)