Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) and Interlukin-1β (IL-1β) on heparanase (Hpa) expression in Hepatic Cancer Cell Line SMMC-7721. Methods SMMC-7721 cells were divided as control group and experiment group. The former were cultured with normal condition, the later were treated by TNF-α or IL-1β with various concentration and for different period of times. All of the cells were collected on time. The expression of Hpa mRNA level in cultured SMMC-7721 was evaluated by RT-PCR. The Hpa protein level in cytoplasm was evaluated by Western blot. Results At the same time, following the increasing of the concentration of TNF-α or IL-1β, expression of Hpa mRNA was up-regulated gradually. The effect was dose-dependent at the concentration of 106U/L or lower for TNF-α and 5.0μg/L or lower for IL-1β. Furthermore, the effect of promotion was close to peak when the TNF-α concentration up to 106U/L or the IL-1β concentration up to 5.0μg/L, but no time-dependent pattern observed. The Hpa protein level in cytoplasm was elevated gradually with the concentration increasing, too. Both the dose-dependent pattern and the time-dependent pattern were observed. Conclusion 　 TNF-α and IL-1β can promote the expression of Hpa at level of mRNA and protein in hepatic cancer cell line.