Abstract: Objective To establish a model of renal ischemic/reperfusion in rats , to observe whether propofol protect kidney from this injury, and deduce a possible mechanism. Methods Ninty-nine male SD rats with right nephrectomy were randomly divided into three groups according to the different treatments to left kidney and rat: Control group (n=26), IR group (n=38), IR+Pro group (n=38). The left kidney was exsected and blood samples were collected 0, 3, 12, 24, 72h postsurgery respectively. Renal morphology were observed with light microscope dyed with HE. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of apoptosis proteins including Bcl-2、Bax、caspase 3、cytochrome C. Results We observed that renal ischemia-reperfusion induced tissues injury, the severity of injury sequence was: proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, collecting duct, renal corpuscle; According to the results of IHC, the expression of Bax, caspase 3, and cytochrome C in IR group were more than that in Con group, and Bcl-2 level was stable. The protective protein (Bcl-2) level were higher and the proteins (Bax, caspase 3, and cytochrome C ) inducing apoptosis were lower in IR+P group than that of IR group (P<0.05). Conclusions Renal ischemia-reperfusion induced tissues injury and the expression changes of apoptosis proteins; Propofol inhibits the expression of apoptosis proteins such as Bax, caspase 3, cytochrome C, induces the action of Bcl-2. In a word, propofol perhaps inhibit the apoptosis signaling pathways in mitochondrion and cytoplasm.