目的 采用气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对不同基原来源的天然没药和胶质没药进行成分鉴别及特征图谱的研究。方法 以分子鉴定技术鉴定没药的基原研究为基础,采用GC-MS对10批次胶质没药和15批次天然没药的挥发油成分进行定性分析。同时,通过中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统分别建立天然没药和胶质没药的特征图谱,对不同基原、相同商品类型的没药与其共有模式图进行相似度评价。结果 天然没药的挥发性成分远多于胶质没药,胶质没药主要含有低沸点成分,天然没药则低、高沸点成分兼具,两者挥发油主要成分均为倍半萜类化合物。结论 天然没药和胶质没药特征图谱差异明显,相同商品类型但是基原不同的没药之间挥发性成分无明显差异。天然没药与胶质没药挥发性成分差异明显,没药挥发性成分与商品类型有关,与基原无关。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the components and characteristic chromatograms of natural myrrh and colloidal myrrh from different origins using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). METHODS Based on the study of molecular identification techniques for determining the botanical origins of myrrh, GC-MS was utilized to conduct a qualitative analysis of the volatile oil components in 10 batches of colloidal myrrh and 15 batches of natural myrrh. Furthermore, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Chromatographic Fingerprint Similarity Evaluation System was used to establish the characteristic chromatograms for natural myrrh and colloidal myrrh,respectively.The similarity between different origins and the same commercial type of myrrh with their common mode chromatograms was evaluated. RESULTS Natural myrrh contained significantly more volatile components than colloidal myrrh. Colloidal myrrh primarily consisted of low-boiling-point components,whereas natural myrrh contained both low-and high-boiling-point components.The main components of the volatile oils in both types of myrrh were sesquiterpenes. CONCLUSION There are notable differences in the characteristic chromatograms between natural myrrh and colloidal myrrh. However,there are no significant differences in the volatile components between myrrh of the same commercial type but different botanical origins. There are significant differences in the volatile components between natural myrrh and colloidal myrrh.The volatile components of myrrh are related to its commercial type but not to its botanical origin.