目的 研究5种药用淀粉的大小颗粒数目比、颗粒形态、结晶结构和支链淀粉、直链淀粉比例。方法 利用重力场流分离技术(GrFFF)分离表征5种淀粉,并计算大小颗粒数目比。利用光学显微镜(OM)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征形态学特征,傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和X-射线衍射(X-ray)得到结晶结构和结晶度,双波长方法测定直链淀粉和支链淀粉的比例。结果 5种淀粉的大小颗粒数目比存在明显差异;颗粒大小差异明显,形态不同;不同种类淀粉的有序和无定形结构的比例变化趋势和其相对结晶度的变化一致;支链淀粉含量越高,直链／支链淀粉比例越低,结晶度越好。结论 GrFFF能够分离表征淀粉颗粒且能粗略计算大小颗粒数目比,GrFFF和OM、SEM和LDSA的表征结果具有一致性。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the large/small granule number ratio, granule morphology, crystal structure, amylopectin and amylose ratio of five kinds of medicinal starches. METHODS Five kinds of medicinal starches were separated and characterized by self-assembled gravitational field-flow fractionation (GrFFF) instrument and the proportion of large and small starch granules was calculated according to the results. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were applied to characterize the morphological property of starch. FT-IR and X-ray diffraction were used to obtain the starch crystalline structure and crystallinity. The contents of amylose and amylopectin were determinate by double wavelength method. RESULTS The large/small granule number ratios of the five kinds of medicinal starches had obvious difference. The size difference was obvious and the shape was different. The change trends of the order and the amorphous structure of different kinds of starches were the same as that of its relative crystallinity; the higher the amylopectin content, the lower the amylopectin/amylopectin was, the better the crystallinity was. CONCLUSION GrFFF can be used to characterize and separate large and small starch granules, and the results are in agreement with that of other methods.
关键词
重力场流分离技术 /
形态学表征 /
结晶度 /
直链淀粉 /
支链淀粉
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Key words
gravitational field-flow fractionation (GrFFF) /
morphological characterization /
crystallinity /
amylose /
amylopectin
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中图分类号：
R917
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