目的 通过研究美国第2年住院药师培训儿科住院药师培训,为我国儿科药师培训提供参考。方法 检索美国卫生系统药师协会网站及各培训机构的官方网站,系统收集每个第2年住院药师培训儿科培训项目的名称、认证状态、申请条件、招生人数、具体培训内容等资料和数据,并用Excel表进行统计分析。结果 截至2016年12月,美国卫生系统药师协会发布的第2年住院药师培训儿科培训项目共计49个,平均每个项目招收1.36人。对带教老师有严格的标准。培训内容包括岗前培训、轮转和纵向。教学方法多种多样,包括PBL、文献报告会、专题研讨会、TBL等。培训评估类型包括初始评估、过程评估和总结性评估。结论 美国第2年住院药师培训儿科住院药师培训发展早,项目成熟,经验丰富。我国可在实际培训的基础上,进一步加强师资建设,因材施教制订培训计划,开展多样化、规范化的教学方法,动态监测过程评估结果,重视师生互评与学员自评,以优化我国儿科药师培养。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide reference for pharmacists training in pediatrics in China through study on PGY2 pharmacy residency in pediatrics in the United States. METHODS The updated data in 2016 from the website of ASHP and official websites of pediatric pharmacy residency program providers was collected. The program titles,accreditation status ,requirements ,number of residents,training contents were also collected and analyzed by Excel. RESULTS Forty-nine pediatric pharmacy residency programs by the end of December 2016 were reviewed. The average number of residents for each program was 1.36. The preceptors should be qualified according to the requirements of ASHP. The training mode of pediatric pharmacy residency program included orientation,rotation and longitudinal. Teaching methods were various,including PBL, Journal Club, Workshop, TBL and etc.Evaluation of training includes initial assessment ,formative assessment and summative evaluation. CONCLUSION PGY2 pharmacy residencies in pediatrics in the United States have a long history. In order to improve the pediatric pharmacists training in China, we should take reference from PGY2 pharmacy residency in pediatrics in the United States in the following aspects ,improving preceptors′ training, making individual training plans ,using various teaching methods, monitoring the outcomes of formative evaluation and paying attention to mutual evaluation between teachers and students and student self-assessment .
关键词
美国 /
住院药师 /
儿科 /
药师 /
培训
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Key words
the United States /
pharmacy resident /
pediatrics /
pharmacist /
training
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中图分类号：
R952
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