目的 研究栽培与野生肉苁蓉（Cistanche deserticola Y. C. Ma苯乙醇苷类化学成分的含量和组成差异，为名贵濒危中药资源肉苁蓉的合理开发和利用提供一定的理论基础。方法 应用高效液相色谱法对栽培与野生肉苁蓉样品进行药典指标成分和指纹图谱分析，利用SPSS统计分析软件和“计算机辅助相似度评价系统”软件进行数据处理。结果 比较发现，栽培样品中松果菊苷含量略高，但与野生样品无显著性差异；野生样品中毛蕊花糖苷的平均含量[(3.15±0.55%]显著高于栽培样品[(1.63±0.55%]。HPLC特征峰的相对含量分布差异导致指纹图谱存在一定差异；计算机辅助相似度评价分析结果显示，栽培肉苁蓉样品间的相似系数均大于0.65，而野生肉苁蓉样品之间的相似系数最低仅0.237，说明野生样品间个体差异大，可能存在的变异类型更加丰富。结论 人工种植对于保证肉苁蓉药材质量的稳定性具有重要作用，应该加强对野生肉苁蓉的引种工作，确保更大范围内的引种以便保存更多的种质资源，这对于肉苁蓉资源保护和可持续利用有着极其重要的意义。

OBJECTIVE To study the difference in the composition and contents of the effective components， phenylethanoid glycosides， between cultivated and wild C. deserticola for providing theoretical basis for appropriate development and utilization of the precious and endangered C. deserticola resources. METHODS HPLC method was used to determine the contents of the index components adopted by Chinese pharmacopoeia. With morphology and yield traits， the content data were analyzed using SPSS statistical analysis software. At the same time， chromatographic fingerprints were acquired for similarity evaluation by computer aided similarity evaluation software (CASES. RESULTS The content of echinacoside in the cultivated samples was slightly higher than that in the wild samples， but there was no significant difference. The average content of acteoside [(3.15±0.55%] in the wild samples was significantly higher than that in the cultivated samples [(1.63±0.55%]. The content of each component showed great difference among the samples， which resulted in the differences in their chromatograms. CASES analysis showed that the cultivated samples exhibited higher similarity with coefficient higher than 0.65， but the lowest similarity coefficient between the wild samples was 0.237， indicating greater variability among wild individuals. There might be much more variant diversity in wild C. deserticola. CONCLUSION Cultivation is very important for maintaining the stability of the quality of C. deserticola crude drug. Introduction of germplasm for conservation should be strengthened， and the introduction area should be enlarged， which is quite essential to resource conservation and sustainable development of Cistanche deserticola.