目的应用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术,建立快速、准确地同时测定全血中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、砷(As)含量的方法。方法对标准曲线法和标准加入曲线法(一种由标准加入法转化的方法)进行方法学比较研究,并通过方法学比较结果确定测定方法。结果标准曲线法和标准加入曲线法测定时,3种元素的线性相关系数(r)、检出限(LOD)、重复性都令人满意;但标准曲线法测定时,3种元素的加样回收率92.00%～135.0%,国家标准物质(GBW09139e和GBW09140e)的测定值和标准值相差较大;而标准加入曲线法测定时,3种元素的加样回收率93.33%～102.0%,国家标准物质的测定值也几乎都在标准值范围内。结论标准加入曲线法比标准曲线法具有更好的加样回收率和准确度,是一种快速、准确的全血中有害元素测定方法。

OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and accurate method for instantaneous analysis of Pb,Cd,As in blood by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). METHODS The assay method was established according to comparative study of standard curve method and standard addition curve method (a method derived and developed from standard addition method). RESULTS Both methods showed good correlative coefficients of calibration curve,limits of detection and reproducibilities for all test elements. Standard curve method,indicated unsatisfactory spiked recovery between 92.00% and 135.0%,as well as unacceptable determined values of reference materials (GBW09139e and GBW09140e). Standard addition curve method indicated satisfactory spiked recovery range from 93.33% to 102.0% and coincident contents of reference materials. CONCLUSION Standard addition curve method,bearing better spiked recovery and precise than those of standard curve method,was a rapid and accurate method for simultaneous determination of harmful elements in blood by ICP-MS.