目的:观察多种β-内酰胺类杭生素致新生儿尿布疹及鹅口疮的情况。方法:79例高危新生儿使用β-内酸胺类杭生素，静脉滴注。健康新生儿80例作对照，比较其尿布疹及鹤口疮发生率，分析相关因素的影响。结果:用药 组两种二重感染发生率均明显大于对照组。杭生素杭菌作用越强，用药天数越多，病儿体重越低，尿布疹发生率越高。早产儿及低体重儿鹅口疮发生率较高，鹅口疮发生率与用药天数无关，两种不良反应均与性别和原发疾病种类无关。结论:新生儿特别是休重低，不足月及需较长期用药者，使用β-内酰胺类杭生素时应慎重，注意尿布疹与鹅口疮的发生。

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the occurance of diaper rash and thrush of newborns who were treated with β-lactam antibiotics. METHODS:79 newborns were treated intraveneously with β-lactam antibiotics and the controls were 80 healthy newborns. The incidences of the above two groups of diaper rash or thrush were compared, and the effects of some related factors were analysed. RESULTS: The incidence of suprainfection in the antibiotic group was higher than that of the control group. The higher incidence of the diaper rash in the patient with strong antibiotics, the longer treatment period or lighter baby's body weight. Thrush was found in premature babies or lighter body weight ones. There was no relationship between the two side-effects and the baby's sex or primary diseases. Thrush was not related to the duration of the treatment.CONCLUSION:The newborns especially premature babies, lighter body weight ones or to be treated for a long period, must be taken care of to prevent diaper rash or thrush.