目的 对斜叶檀进行生药学研究,为斜叶檀鉴别与质量标准的制定提供科学依据。方法 采用性状鉴别、石蜡切片、粉末显微鉴别和组织解离等方法对斜叶檀形态及显微特征进行研究,利用化学显微鉴别确定其黄色夹膜组织的细胞类型,并通过理化鉴别对斜叶檀所含化学成分进行补充预试验。结果 斜叶檀表面木纹细腻;见黄白、黄棕、红棕、紫、黑等颜色的树脂纹;具椰香、桂皮香、花香等多种香气,味苦、辛,微麻。横切面导管单孔或2~7个径列复管孔,轴向薄壁组织傍管带状;切向纵切面木射线叠生,宽1~2列,稀3列,高5~14个细胞;径向纵切面木射线横向带状,异型。研究证明斜叶檀木质部偶见的黄色夹膜属于木栓异常构造,粉末及解离组织中见具缘纹孔导管、木纤维、木薄壁细胞及木射线细胞。理化试验证明斜叶檀中除已报道的挥发油、黄酮及多酚成分外,尚含有甾体三萜类、糖类、生物碱类及有机酸类物质,不含或少含皂苷类、香豆素类、蒽醌类及蛋白质类物质。结论 上述特征可作为斜叶檀品种鉴别依据,为斜叶檀质量标准的制定提供理论支撑。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacognostic characteristics of Dalbergia pinnata (Lour.) Prain and provide the scientific basis for identification and quality standard establishment. METHODS Morphological identification, paraffin section,powder microscopic identification and tissue dissociation were performed to analyze the characteristics of D.pinnata and the cell type of xylem yellow interlayers was determined by microchemistry identification. The chemical components were tested by physicochemical identification. RESULTS Delicate surface wood grain could be observed with resin stripes of yellow-white, yellow-brown, red-brown, purple or black, and there were bitter, spicy and numbing tastes with flowery, coconut-like or cinnamon-like fragrance. It was diffuse-porous wood, while pores solitary or in radial multiples of 2-7 pore clusters also occurred. Axial parenchyma was paratracheal banded. Wood rays were heterogeneous, with 5-14 cells in height and 1-2 cells in width. Besides, three cells in width could also be found but rare. Bordered pit vessels, wood fibers, parenchyma cells and wood ray cells could be observed in the powder and dissociated tissues under microscope. Vasicentric anomalous structure was found in phellem occasionally. D. pinnata contained volatile oil, flavonoids, polyphenols, steroids, triterpenoids, glucoses and organic acids. CONCLUSION This pharmacognosy study on D. pinnata provides significant reference for its identification and quality standard establishment.
关键词
斜叶檀 /
性状鉴别 /
显微鉴别 /
理化鉴别 /
生药学鉴别
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Key words
Dalbergia pinnata (Lour.) Prain /
macroscopic identification /
microscopic identification /
physicochemical identification /
pharmacognostic identification
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中图分类号：
R931.5
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参考文献
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脚注
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基金
2019年广东省中药材保护品种质量体系构建项目“标本质量溯源体系研究” 项目资助(E2-6212-19-112-004)
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