目的 探讨氮素形态对三叶青块根主要化学成分含量和抗氧化活性的影响,为三叶青人工栽培科学施氮提供依据。方法 以三叶青为研究材料进行容器栽培实验。采用随机区组设计,3次重复,设置0∶100,25∶75,50∶50,75∶25,100∶0等5个不同NH4+-N/NO3--N处理及酰胺态氮、不施氮处理。连续施氮2年后,采收、测定三叶青块根多糖、总黄酮、总酚含量和抗氧化活性(ABTS和FRAP),应用方差分析、相关分析、聚类分析、主成分分析等统计学方法分析氮素形态对三叶青块根化学成分含量和抗氧化活性的影响。结果 氮素形态对三叶青块根多糖含量影响不大,对总黄酮、总酚含量和抗氧化活性影响较大。随铵态氮比例的升高,三叶青块根总黄酮、总酚含量和抗氧化活性均表现为先显著降低,至NH4+-N/NO3--N为75∶25时急剧升高,并在NH4+-N/NO3--N为100∶0时达到最大。全铵态氮处理总黄酮、总酚含量和抗氧化活性也显著高于全酰胺态氮、全硝态氮和不施氮处理。结论 氮素形态及配比对三叶青块根的化学成分含量和抗氧化活性影响显著,NH4+-N/NO3--N为75∶25和100∶0时,较有利于三叶青块根总黄酮、总酚的累积和抗氧化活性的提高。
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of nitrogen form on main phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of root tubers of T. hemsleyanum at the same nitrogen level, and provide the basis for the scientific application of nitrogen in the artificial cultivation of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum. METHODS Container experiments were carried out in the green house. Five ratios of NH4+-N/NO3--N (0∶100, 25∶75, 50∶50, 75∶25, 100∶0), amide nitrogen and no nitrogen were set up, and randomized block design with three replications was used. After two years of nitrogen application, the polysaccharides, total flavonoids and phenols, and antioxidative activities (ABTS and FRAP) in root tubers of T. hemsleyanum were determined, and variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and principal component analysis were employed. RESULTS The result showed that the nitrogen form had little effect on the polysaccharide content, but had great effects on the total flavonoids and phenols content, and antioxidant activity. With the increase of the ratio of ammonium nitrogen, total flavonoids and phenols content and antioxidant activity of root tubers decreased significantly, and rise sharply when NH4+-N/NO3--N is 75∶25, and reach the maximum when NH4+-N/NO3--N is 100∶0. The total flavonoids and phenols content and antioxidant activity in the treatment of ammonium nitrogen were significantly higher than those in the treatment of amide nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and no nitrogen. CONCLUSION These results indicate that NH4+-N/NO3--N is 75∶25 and 100∶0, it is more beneficial to the accumulation of total flavonoids and phenols, and the improvement of antioxidant activity in root tubers of T. hemsleyanum.
关键词
药用植物 /
三叶青 /
块根 /
氮素形态 /
抗氧化能力 /
品质
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Key words
medicinal plant /
Tetrastigma hemsleyanum /
root tuber /
nitrogen form /
antioxidant capacity /
quality
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中图分类号:
R284
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脚注
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基金
浙江中医药大学省一流学科(中药学)开放基金项目资助(Ya2017002)
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