摘要：

构音障碍是脑卒中后常见的运动性语言障碍，给患者预后和生活质量带来严重不良影响。目前对脑卒中后构音障碍的研究和理解不够深入，其带来的诸多不良影响也未得到重视。随着脑卒中患者功能恢复和长期生活质量改善需求的增加，构音障碍的科学评估与康复治疗逐渐成为神经康复领域的重要关注方向。本文系统综述脑卒中后构音障碍的病理生理学机制、临床分类、评估方法和康复治疗进展，主要存在评估方法主观性强、治疗方案缺乏高级别循证医学证据支持及个体化不足等问题，并在梳理现状的基础上探讨未来发展客观评估方法和精准治疗方案的可能方向，为提高脑卒中后构音障碍的康复效果提供新的思路。

关键词: 卒中, 构音障碍, 言语, 康复, 综述

Abstract:

Dysarthria is a common motor speech disorder following stroke, which has a severe adverse impact on patients' rehabilitation prognosis and quality of life. Currently, research and understanding of post-stroke dysarthria remain insufficient, and the multiple adverse effects it brings to patients have not received sufficient attention. With increasing attention to functional recovery and long-term quality of life in stroke patients, the scientific assessment and rehabilitation of dysarthria have become important focuses in neurorehabilitation. This article reviews the research progress in its pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical classification, assessment methods, and rehabilitation therapy. This study found that current research in this field mainly has problems such as strong subjectivity in assessment methods, lack of high-level evidence-based medical evidence support for treatment plans, and insufficient individualization. Therefore, on the basis of sorting out the current situation, this article discusses the possible future directions of developing objective assessment tools and precise treatment plans, in order to provide new insights for improving the rehabilitation effect of post-stroke dysarthria.

Key words: Stroke, Articulation disorders, Speech, Rehabilitation, Review

中图分类号: 

• R741